5.2 Ecosystems rely on energy transfer

Question 1

what are the products of the light dependent reaction?

Answer 1

reduced NADP, ATP and oxygen

Question 2

what is the process where electrons lose energy in the electron transport chain?

Answer 2

phosphorylation

Question 3

what is photolysis?

Answer 3

splitting a molecule using light energy

Question 4

what is the equation for when ATP transfers energy?

Answer 4

ATP in water > ADP + hydrated Pi +(energy)

Question 5

what is the glucose made in photosynthesis used for?

Answer 5

respiration, to convert into useful molecules, stored as starch and converted into sucrose for transport in the phloem

Question 6

where is the electron transport chain?

Answer 6

in the thylakoid membrane

Question 7

what is the enzyme that fixes carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle?

Answer 7

RuBISCO

Question 8

why do leaves not absorb all light energy?

Answer 8

some light is reflected off the leaf or transmitted through

Question 9

what is GPP?

Answer 9

the rate at which energy is incorporated into organic molecules by an ecosystem

Question 10

what is NPP?

Answer 10

the rate at which energy is transferred into the organic molecules that make up the new plant biomass

Question 11

what is the equation for NPP?

Answer 11

NPP = GPP - R

Question 12

what percentage of energy is transferred from producers to primary consumers?

Answer 12

2-10%

Question 13

what percentage of energy is transferred from primary to secondary consumers?

Answer 13

over 10%

Question 14

Why is the transfer of energy from producers to primary consumers inefficient?

Answer 14

not all of the available food gets eaten, some undigested food remains in faeces and much of the food absorbed by the consumers is used in respiration