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M5 > 5.11 Electronic displays > Flashcards

5.11 Electronic displays Flashcards

1
Q

Incandescent displays require thin filaments for each segment, similar to regular lamps. Another type of display used was the gas-discharge tube. This older type of unit operated at high voltages and emitted an orange glow.

A

.

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2
Q

electronic displays in modern aircraft are using the following technologies:

A

Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
Light Emitting Diode (LED)
Organic LED (OLED)
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

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3
Q

the cathode ray tube uses the same principle as an

A

oscilloscope

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4
Q

A cathode ray tube is a thermionic device consisting of an evacuated envelope. Inside, an electron gun is positioned as well as the beam focussing system.

A

.

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5
Q

CRTs operate using an electron gun. These generate images by emitting electrons and using a series of anodes to manipulate the image

A

.

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6
Q

The data received by a human eye can be considered by it

A

wavelength and brightness

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7
Q

what are the three primary colours

A

red
green
blue

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8
Q

The mixing of coloured light is known as ‘additive’ mixing This differs from the mixing of dyes or pigments which is

A

‘subtractive’ and uses yellow, cyan and magenta as primary colours.

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9
Q

CRT advantages

A

coloured multifunctional displays

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10
Q

CRT disadvantages

A

long shape, that takes up a lot of space
Heavy
Warming up required (approximately 10 seconds)
High power consumption
Thermal sensitivity
Tend to burn-in (require screen savers)

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11
Q

LED advantages

A

small dimensions
robust
long lifetime

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12
Q

LED disadvantages

A

high current consumption (compared with LCD)
limited flexibility

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13
Q

the two common types of LED display formats are

A

the segment display
the dot matrix display

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14
Q

While LEDs give off light, Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) are not light sources themselves, but control light

A

.

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15
Q

Modern LCDs have a sandwich-type structure of layers

A

.

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16
Q

LCDs do not emit their own light in the way CRTs do. There are three viewing modes:

A

Reflective
Transmissive
Transflective

17
Q

Reflective displays require ambient light to be seen.

A

Digital watches, calculators and many other electronic appliances use reflective displays.

18
Q

Transmissive displays have a clear polariser on the front and the back. The display therefore depends on light coming through from the back of the display toward the observer in order to be seen

A

Most, but not all, transmissive displays are negative image

The transmissive mode uses no reflected light relying entirely on edge-lighting or back-lighting

19
Q

Transflective displays have a rear polariser that includes a translucent material which reflects part of the ambient light and transmits backlighting. As the name implies, it is a compromise between the transmissive and reflective viewing mode

A

The downside of these are the higher costs and the reduced contrast ratios.

20
Q

The polariser acts as a one way filter for the light, allowing the light from the backlight to pass through the layers of the LCD Panel to the viewer but not the light from the outside environment to pass the opposite way

A

The type of polariser usually found in LCD screens is the transflective type

21
Q

three sub-pixels of red green and blue make up one screen pixel on the display.

A

The colour filter layer gives each pixel on the screen its own colour

22
Q

the most common used in LCD screens is known is the

A

Thin Film Transistors (TFT)

23
Q

The backlight is responsible for putting light through the sandwiched layers all the way to your eyes where you see the image illuminated

A

These can be Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps (CCFLs) or LED backlighting

usually placed on bottom of screens but on better quality screen they are on top and bottom

24
Q

LCD advantages

A

Flat
High-quality picture
Well illuminated
Multifunctional displays
Low energy consumption
Long lifespan
Virtually no maintenance is required

25
Q

LCD disadvantages

A

Temperature-sensitive – the fluid can freeze.

If used for Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS), Electronic Centralised Aircraft Monitor (ECAM), or Engine-Indicating and Crew-Alerting System (EICAS) displays, they must be operated in a certain temperature range to ensure high-quality pictures and fast reaction.

After a while the LCD display the some of the pixels stop working or display a discoloured spot on a black spot.

The viewing angle of an LCD display is very limited due to the automatic pixel tracking/phase controls.

26
Q

a liquid crystal display made of a matrix of cells

A

known as passive-matrix LCD technology

27
Q

OLED stands for Organic Light-Emitting Diode, the ‘organic’ referring to the

A

carbon film that sits inside the panel before the glass screen.

28
Q

OLED panels emit their own light when an electric current is passed through, whereas cells in an LCD or LED display require an external light source, e.g. the backlight for brightness

A

.

29
Q

OLED technology has several advantages over LCD technology:

A

The colours are brighter.
The screen can be read from a side view, as well as vertically.
Screens are thinner and can even be flexible.
Its power consumption is also much lower, as no back-light is required.

30
Q

PMOLEDs are most efficient for text and icons and are best suited for small screens (2- to 3-inch diagonal). Even with the external circuitry, passive-matrix OLEDs consume less battery power than LCDs.

A

.

31
Q

(PMOLED) stands for

A

Passive-matrix OLED

32
Q

AMOLEDs consume less power than PMOLEDs because the TFT array requires less power than external circuitry, so they are efficient for large displays

A

.

33
Q

The best uses for AMOLEDs are

A

computer monitors, large-screen TVs and electronic signs

34
Q

AMOLED stands for

A

Active-matrix OLED

35
Q

The display chipset comprises three line-replaceable units:

parts of the HUD

A

The HUD computer, which receives and processes the data and generates the graphics.
The projector unit.
The fold-down optical combiner, which aligns the graphic overlay and the real-world view.

36
Q

CRTs operate using an electron gun. These generate images by emitting electrons and using a series of anodes to manipulate the image

A

.

37
Q

oscilloscopes use an alternative method of deflecting the beam called

A

electrostatic deflection

In this method, two metal plates are placed opposite each other, like a capacitor between the plates. By varying the potential across the plates, the strength of the electric field can vary

38
Q

Reflective displays have an opaque rear polariser that includes a diffuse reflector, such as brushed aluminium

A

This layer reflects polarized ambient light, that has entered the front of the display, back through the LCD cell. Reflective displays require ambient light to be seen

39
Q

Head-up displays used to be based on cathode ray tube technology; they currently use what

A

liquid crystal displays

M5 (12 decks)

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