510-7,8 Flashcards
What are the 4 main kinds of papillae?
Circumvallate (largest - back of tongue)
Foliate (lateral folds)
Fungiform (dorsal protuberances of tongue)
Filiform (by far the most common)
Where is the border between the body and root of the tongue.
Sulcis terminalis (apex of which is foramen secum)
Remember: body derived from tubercular impar (1st pharangeal arch)
Root derived from the copula (3rd pharangeal arch)
What cranial nerve has motor control of the tongue?
Cranial nerve XII
Which papillae have taste buds?
Circumvallate, foliate, and fungiform
Filiform (most numerous) - do not have taste buds.
Why do tastes fade?
Von Ebner’s glands constantly secrete saliva into clefts where taste buds are found.
What are some histologically relevant attribute to fungiform papillae?
Vascular/nerve indentations that intrude nearly to the surface. This will be obvious because it should be in a sea of filiform papillae.
Which nerves innervate the taste buds?
VII, IX, and X
VII - body of tongue innervation
IX and X - Root of the tongue (for some reason this includes the curcumvallate papillae).
Name 4 things in the lamina propria (part of the tongue mucosa) of the tongue.
lymph follicles, mucous glands, muscle (intrinsic), adipose tissue
In a mucous secreting lingual gland, how would you tell the difference between an adipose cell and a duct?
Ducts have a thick epithelial-like wall.
Name two parts of the lingual tonsil.
Histologically describe.
Lingual crypts (to catch food), and lymphoid follicles.
- look for big, brightly stained Lymphoid Follicles close to the surface of the tonsil and Mucous Glands directly inferior
Why is the foramen cecum of embryological note and where is it?
Site of the embryological thyroid and beginning of its medial path downward. It is on the back of the tongue.
The lymphatic system is a closed loop system
False. It’s a one-way system from the capillaries to the large veins.
Where to lymph nodes tend to cluster?
Around the flexible joints.
Do lymph nodes have their own blood supply?
Yes. Each node has an artery and vein, which aids in rapid response to infection.
Describe the flow of lymph through a node.
From the afferent lymphatic vessel into the spherical node, around the nodules, and into the medulla before exiting the efferent lymphatic vessel.
Histologically describe a lymph node
Stains darker on the outside - the medulla is lighter. There should be follicles (nodules) on the very outside of the cortex.
What’s the inside of a lymph node follicle called?
Germinal Center
Describe the Waldeyer’s Ring
aka Tonsillar Ring. The lymphatic tissue surrounding the posterior orifice of the oral and nasal cavities.
What are the 4 main tonsils in the Waldeyer’s (tonsillar) Ring?
Adenoid (pharangeal) and Tubal
Palatine and Lingual
Where are the Adenoid and Tubal tonsils located?
Adenoid - roof of nasopharynx
Tubal - lateral walls nasopharynx posterior to auditory tube.
Where are the palatine and lingual tonsils located?
Palatine “the tonsils” - back of soft palate
Lingual - base of tongue
Name 3 characteristics of tonsillary crypts.
smooth epithelial layer, deep crypts, lymphatic nodules with light colored germinal centers.
Why is mucous important to the tonsillar cleft?
Cleft cleansing, especially during infections.
