510-6 Flashcards
Name 4 components of saliva.
Amylase, Lingual lipase, and immunoglobulin A (antibacterial/antiviral), and SLPI (potent antimicrobial)
Name the component in saliva that aids in wound closure.
Histatins
How much saliva is secreted each day?
1 to 1.5 Liters
Describe 2 consequences of the autonomic innervation of the salivary response.
Parasympathetic - via AcetyCholine - creates watery serous saliva
Sympathetic - norepinepherine - creates thick mucosal saliva
What are a few causes of xerostomia?
Medication (some antihistimines), Sjogren’s syndrome,
Describe difference between minor and major salivary glands.
Minor - intrinsic - very small amount of saliva directly to the epithelial surface (600-1000 of these)
Major - extrinsic - larger amounts through pathway of ducts
Name the 3 major salivary glands
Parotid, Submandibular, and Sublingual
25%, 70%, 5%
Difference between sebaceous and serous
Sebaceous refers to glands that secrete mucous
Serous refers to watery secretions
What duct empties the parotid gland?
Stenson’s (or Parotid) Duct
25% saliva comes from here
What duct empties the submandibular gland?
Wharton’s (or submandibular) duct.
70% Saliva comes from here
What duct empties the sublingual gland?
Bartholin’s Duct
5% Saliva from here
Describe the Serous/Mucous differences of the major salivary glands.
Parotid Gland is Serous
Submandibular gland is mixed - mostly serous
Sublingual gland is mixed - mostly mucous
What is a Sialolith
a salivary stone
What type of epithelium is found in intercalated ducts
Simple Cuboidal
What are three types of acini?
Serous, Mucous, Mixed (with demilumes)
Serous acinus vs. Mucous acinus when stained
Serous vesicles are dark - mucous light
Also - Mucous acinus nucleus and organelles are flattened
What’s the function of a myoepithelial cell on the outer surface of an acinus?
Could be a tumor suppressor.
What is pellicle formation?
First step toward plaque (“sweaters”)
Are serous demilumes crescent in the living cell?
No - shape under slide is due to preparation process. Is an “artifact”
What are the 4 major parts of the Salivon?
Acinus, Intercalated duct, Striated duct, Secretory duct.
Describe the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual salivary glands in terms of serous/mucous ratios.
Parotid pretty much all serous.
Submandibular Mostly serous. (and produces most saliva)
Sublingual mostly mucous.
What does a striated duct resorb?
What does it add?
NaCl
- serves to dilute saliva to mostly water.
IgA (immunoglobulin A) - powerful anti-bacterial/anti-viral
What do serous acini look like under microscope and where would you find them?
Pink and dark staining cells with slightly lighter striated ducts
Parotid gland
Describe an acinous in the sublingual gland.
Mostly mucous with some serous demilumes
Mucous and serous fluid are both released into the lumen and then into ducts
True
Histologically describe a slide of an acinus in a submandibular salivary gland.
Mostly dark staining serous cells with some mucous. There should also be round striated ducts.
Where is salivary IgA synthesized?
How does it get into the saliva?
By plasma cells in the connective tissue surrounding the acini.
Various mechanisms via the epithelial duct cells (monomer/dimer bonding, endocytosis, exocytosis)
What type of cell is an intercalated duct made from?
Simple cuboidal
some secretory components
What type of cell makes up the striated duct and what is their function?
Simple columnar with lots of mitochondria close to the basal lamina. Function to remove Na and Cl from saliva making it hypotonic.
Where can you find stratified columnar epithelium (a rare type)?
At the effluent end of excretory salivary ducts. The base layer is often more cuboidal, with columnar appearing toward the free surface.
What type of membrane does a striated epithelial duct cell have?
Selectively permeable (salts not water).
