510-4

Question 0

Basement membrane

Answer 0

anchors epithelia to underlying lamina propria. composed of BASAL LAMINA annd RETICULAR LAMINA.

Question 1

Epithelia

Answer 1

one or more layers of closely adhering cells with a BASAL SURFACE and a FREE SURFACE. innervated but not vascular. connected to the lamina propria through a basement membrane.

Question 2

Basal Lamina

Answer 2

mixture of cells produced by the epithelia and fibroblasts. composed of LAMINA LUCIDA and LAMINA DENSA.

Question 3

Lamina Lucida

Answer 3

translucent layer directly below epithelia. contains cells adhesion moleules like LAMININ that binds to type 4 collagen fibers of the lamina densa.

Question 4

Lamina Densa

Answer 4

contains type 4 collagen fibers that are the site of anchoring for the RETICULAR LAMINA

Question 5

Reticular Lamina

Answer 5

collagen and reticular fibers that anchor type 4 collagen fibers of LAMINA DENSA to LAMINA PROPRIA

Question 6

3 components of a mucous membrane

Answer 6

1. ) epithelia capable of producing mucous
2. ) lamina propria
3. ) muscalaris mucosae (smooth muscle)

Question 7

Transitional epithelia

Answer 7

pseudostratified layer of epithelia that appear rounded (domed) and are found in the bladder (stretch when full)

Question 8

5 types of intercellular junctions

Answer 8

1. ) tight junction (zonula occludens)
2. ) adhesive junction (zonula adherens)
3. ) desmosome (macula adherens)
4. ) gap junctinos
5. ) hemidesmosomes

Question 9

tight junction

Answer 9

transmembrane proteins (JAM, claudin, occludin) tighly join cells together at the apical region to prevent leakage (quilted pattern)

Question 10

adhesive junction

Answer 10

actin filaments of neighboring cells joined together by cell adhesive molecules (cadherin) and are calcium dependent

Question 11

desmosome

Answer 11

join intermediate filaments of adjacent cells through thr formation of desmosome plaques and cadherin adhesion molecules. holds cells together under mechanical stress (very strong)

Question 12

gap junction

Answer 12

allow for the passage of small, water soluble molecules between cells. CONNEXINS form pores called CONNEXONS.

Question 13

hemidesmosome

Answer 13

anchors intermediate filaments to basal lamina

Question 14

exocrine gland

Answer 14

secretory epethelial gland that empties secretion into ducts

Question 15

endocrine gland

Answer 15

secretory epithelial gland that empties secretion into blood or intracellular fluid

Question 16

2 types of exocrine glands

Answer 16

simple- unbranched ducts

compound- branched ducts

Question 17

3 types of exocrine gland shapes

Answer 17

1. ) tubular- secretory glands line the tube of duct
2. ) acinar- secretory glands in bulbous ACINAR
3. ) tubuloacinar- secretory glands found in tubes and acinar

Question 18

4 types of glandular secretions

Answer 18

1. ) serous- waters
2. ) mucous- contains glycoprotein mucin
3. ) mixed- both serous and mucous cells
4. ) cytogenic- whole cells released into ducts

Question 19

3 mechanisms of glandular secretion

Answer 19

1. ) merocrine
2. ) apocrine
3. ) holocrine

Question 20

merocrine secretion

Answer 20

most common type of secretory mechanism. granules exist in vesicles that fuse to the plasma membrane and are released into the duct without a loss of plasma membrane

Question 21

apocrine secretion

Answer 21

usually hormonal after puberty is reached. granules are pinched off with plasma membrane and secreted into duct.

Question 22

holocrine

Answer 22

cell plasma membrane disintegrates and whole content of cell is released into the ducts