5.1 Flashcards
what type of natural pigment that is most commonly associated with carrots, peppers, and tomatoes?
carotenoids
Character impact compounds are single compounds that convey aroma of foods. The character impact compound that represents almond best is…
benzaldehyde
what is orthonasal perception
Aroma that is perceived by the nose before it enters the mouth
what is an example of a non-Newtonian food that shows change in viscosity as shear rate is increased
applesauce
A decrease in response under conditions of constant stimulation occurs with smell as well as taste. This decrease is called
adaption
The law of conservation of energy states that
energy cannot be created nor destroyed
what is selective breeding
animal biotechnology that facilitates breeding of the healthiest and most productive livestock but where the genetic makeup of the animal is not changed in any way
what are affective or hedonic tests
Examples of affective or hedonic tests include consumer tests to determine preferences for various food or beverage products. The “Pepsi challenge is an example of a preference test used in marketing research
Which term is related to the friction within a fluid that prevents it from flowing freely?
viscosity
Which type of papillae on the tongue does not have any taste buds
filliform
what is not considered a benefit of food biotechnology
increasing foods
how many calories are in a kilojule
239
This enzyme can produce better quality cheese than animal rennet, was approved by the FDA in 1990
chymosin
A sensory test in which 75-150 human subjects are asked if the product is liked or which sample is their preference would be called a
consumer acceptance test
Based on composition and the fact that microwave ovens are effective because they heat foods that contain water, what does not heat well in a microwave oven?
vegetable oil
what is NOT used as a water treatment method for food processing companies
genetic engineering
Combining DNA molecules from different sources into one molecule in a test tube is called
using recombinant DNA technology
The use of various scientific techniques to produce specific desired traits in plants, animals or microorganisms through the use of genetic knowledge is called
food biotechnology
The sensory scientist may use quinine to train panelists to recognize which taste?
bitterness
Sensory panels are used to measure quality because the results are relevant to
consumer acceptability
One choice of units used by food engineers to measure heat energy is
kilo joules
Small groups used to decide which product concepts to reject or develop are called
focus groups
The hardness of unripe peaches, toughness of some meat cuts, and lumpiness of poorly mashed potatoes is related to which important quality characteristic?
texture
Heat input that does not result in a change of state (freezing/melting or condensing/boiling) but is change that can be detected by touch is called
sensible heat
how safe is food derived from healthy clones of cattle, swine and goats
The food products derived from healthy clones of cattle, swine and goats is as safe as food from non-cloned animals according to a risk assessment conducted by EPA, FDA and USDA in 2008
The transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic radiation is exemplified by
sunlight
a test method that is used to determine the level at which an ingredient can be detected or recognized is called a
threshold test
what is an example of mass transfer
evaporation of water
The type of discrimination test that is arranged for panelists to select the sample that has more or less of a particular characteristic is known as
paired comparison tests
what is the focus of the field of psychometrics
evaluating thermodynamic properties of mixed gases present in air and an application of this is the evaporation of water from food
Flavor is the combination of aroma and
taste
The amount of heat energy necessary to speed up materials molecules enough to raise the temperature of a mass of the material by one degree celsius is known as
heat capacity
A time-consuming sensory test that provides detailed quantitative information using 8-12 trained panelists who were screened for their acuity and answers the question of how products differ in sensory attributes would be called a
descriptive test
Studying the effectiveness of zinc oxide nanoparticles against E. coli 0157:H7 is an example of food research related to
food safety
This term describes a food or beverage product containing ingredients or structures that increase bioavailability of drugs or nutraceuticals
excipient food
Which of the following is an example of a Newtonian food that shows no change of viscosity (thinning or thickening) as the shear rate is increased?
vegetable oil
Which of the following food processing industries generates whey which may be converted into valuable by-products rather than useless waste products?
cheese manufacturers
Arranging five samples in order of saltiness is an example of measuring data according to
rank
What is not an example of a discrimination test?
hedonic test
The type of discrimination test that is arranged for panelists to select the sample that is the most different is known as a
triangle test
Which of the following is not used as a water treatment method for food processing companies?
bioprocessing
Character impact compounds are single compound that convey aroma of foods. The character impact compound that represents vanilla best is
vanillin
what is anosmia
The condition where some people lack or lose the ability to smell.
what is thermal radiation
Thermal radiation describes the electromagnetic radiation that has been observed to be emitted at the surface of a body that has been thermally excited
The form of energy associated with motion and is one of the two basic forms of energy is called
Kinetic energy
Which term refers to the study of flow and deformation characteristics of foods?
rheology
Besides having more trigeminal nerve endings that normal, supertasters have an extreme sensitivity to which chemical
n-propylthiouracil (PROP)
The transfer of heat energy from molecule to molecule uses which method?
conduction
Character impact compounds are single compound that convey aroma of foods. The character impact compound that represents banana best is
Isoamyl acetate
