5.1

Question 1

what is evolution?

Answer 1

• the changes that happen over time

Question 2

what is biological evolution?

Answer 2

• biological evolution is the change in heritable characteristics of a species over generations
• this transfer is the cumulative changes that occur in a population between generations
• change in allele frequency of a population’s gene pool over successive generations.

Question 3

how do fossils show evidence of evolution?

Answer 3

• evidence of evolution must show a gradual change from past to present
• the fossil record is all fossils that exist - found or not
• fossils are formed as organisms decompose and remains are covered in sediment
• they are direct evidence

Question 4

what is the geological time scale?

Answer 4

• prokaryotes
• eukaryotes
• ferns
• flowering plants
• invertebrates
• vertebrates
  pink elephants find friends in venice

Question 5

what is selective breeding?

Answer 5

• a form of artificial selection when humans deliberately breed species to produce traits and characteristics that are more desired.
• this can provide evidence of evolution as targeted breeds show significant variation in short time frames.

Question 6

what are vertebrate limbs ?

Answer 6

• they are joints that allow movement
• they have similar structure to bones so show evolution

Question 7

what is adaptive radiation?

Answer 7

• explains why species have similarities in structural features when they have different functions.

Question 8

what are pentadactyl limbs?

Answer 8

• humans, bats, moles and horses have similar pentadactyl limbs
  they have changed and developed through evolution due to their different needs.

Question 9

what is speciation?

Answer 9

• when a species is separated and becomes 2 separate species
• can be divided by a geographical barrier such as a river or mountan, this prevents gene flow
• each population will be exposed to different things and gradually diverge from one another
• over time they will be recognisably different

Question 10

the degree of divergence

Answer 10

• the degree of divergence will depend on the extent of the geographical separation and the time they spent separated.
• the more and longer separated the higher the degree of divergence will be.

Question 11

peppered Moths evolution.

Answer 11

• there were white ones and black ones but they lived on white trees so the black ones would get eaten often so more white ones
• then industreal revolution covered trees black so more white ones were eaten and black survive to make more.