502 Flashcards
Risk factors including triglycerides over 150 mg/dl, HDL under 50mg/dl, waist circ greater than 35 and BP greater or equal to 130/85
What are constellations of artherosclerotic risk factors of Metabolic Syndrome
The gold standard of cholesterol management.
What are statins? Ask about baseline fatigue and muscle aches prior to therapy. Only recommended baseline lab is ALT level, but routine monitoring glucose recommended. Myalgia common SE. Simvastatin and pravastatin better tolerated than others. Rhabomyolsis stop therapy.
Smoking, lack of exercise, unhealthy diet choices, increased BMI influence this number 1 killer of women
What are modifiable risk factors for the leading killer of women? Of all risk factors, BMI poses greatest risk of developing HTN in women.
diabetes numbers
Blood sugar levels to determine diabetes. 29.1 million US adults have diabetes, 8 million are undiagnosed and 50% of people will have at least one complication by time of diagnosis. 26 million have pre diabetes.
Insulin resistance and or a relative insulin deficiency
What is type 2 DM? Genetics and lifestyle factors. Loss of tissue sensitivity is called insulin resistance. Over time inflammatory beta cell damage in pancreas causes organ to lose ability to secrete insulin, hyperglycemia
high TSH, free T4 normal
subclinical hypothyroidism
high TSH, free T4 low
is overt hypothyroidism
low TSH
free T4 elevated
Def of anemia
12.3 or lower
I am slow, spanning decades, average age of 60, I give off peripheral neuropathy and will have a elevated MCV, low Hct/Hgb. What am I and what do you do for me?
What is pernicious anemia, caused by lack of intrinsic factor. Lifelong B12 must be given. Upper GI endoscopy indicated as gastric cancer is 5% present with P.A. , esp if she has GI sx or coexisting IDA
Normally, I live 100-120 days. My babies live just 1-2 days and then change names. If I am a sickle shape, I live how long? What am I?
What are the complications to the body if I am sickle shape? What would you do for me if I am present in a pregnant woman?
RBC’s live 100-120 days. Reticolcytes 1-2 days, then mature. Sickle cell anemia cells live 16-20 days, cannot keep up, chronic anemia follows. RBC’s adhere to vascular endothelium, leading to reduced blood flow, obstructions, vascularopathy, tissue hypoxia. Stroke, retinopathy, frequent infections, neuropathy, avascular necrosis. Tx is supportive, pain management, IV hydration, supplemental O2.
Chronic inflammatory disease that occurs bilaterally to hands, hips and knees. Begins in 1-2 joints, quickly progresses to 20 or more.
RA. May be associated fevers, fatigue, inflammatory vascular conditions. Best managed by a rheumatologist. Labs include RA factor and sed rate.Management includes pain control with NSAIDS, steroids short term, DMARDS to prevent disease progression.
Familial pattern, Major depression in family or self, interstitial cystitis, Sexual abuse or physical abuse. Stressful life events, IBS. 30 Points
What are risk factors for fibromyalgia. Greater than 10 of 18 tender points on 4 quads of body, lasting at least 3 months, without joint or muscle destruction, often awake with headache, vulvodynia, increased sensitivity to heat or cold, morning stiffness, extremity numbness and tingling.
Coughing, laughing, sneezing, lifting.
stress incontinence
urge incontinence
Involuntary leakage accompanied by or immediately preceded by urgency.
An unpleasant sensation perceived to be related to the urinary bladder, associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. How many weeks must I be present, how many times do I make her rush to the bathroom and what has typically been my diagnosis?
What is IC?PBS? Symptoms last6 weeks or longer, greater than 10 times daily, typically has been given UTI diagnosis with antibiotics, there is no infection. What’s happening? Autoimmune response against bladder antigens, layer of bladder surface may allow toxins to penetrate mucosa, pelvic floor dysfunction, neurohypersensitivity all play a role
