50/50 Flashcards
passing from traits to offspring. how it passes through generation
heredity
study of heredity
genetics
unit of hereditary information
genes
transmission of traits
alleles
differences in sequences of genes between individual organisms of a species
variation
4 branches of genetics
- molecular genetics
- cytogenetics
- transmission genetics
- population genetics
this branch of genetics deals with DNA and gene expression and regulation
molecular genetics
this branch of genetics deals with chromosome structure & behavior during cell division
cytogenetics
this branch of genetics deals with different patterns of inheritance.
transmission genetics
transmission genetics also called as ____________ is the oldest sunbdiscipline of genetics.
classical genetics
it attempts to predict outcomes of reproduction.
classical genetics
father of genetics
gregor johann mendel
where did mendel performed his pea plant studies?
augustinian monastery of st. thomas
what make peas (pisum sativum) ideal for genetic studies?
- they exhibit vigorous growth
- then can self-fertilize
-they can croos-fertilize
scientists who helped gregor johann mendel
- hugo de vries
- carl correns
- erich von tschermak
3 previous notions of inheritance
- pangenesis
- homunculus theory
- blending theory
it was the belief that seeds are produced in different organs and will later on gather to form the offspring.
pangenesis
the invention of microscope made people believe that sperm cells bear a homunculus or little man.
homunculus theory
states that the traits of parents blend every generation of offspring.
blending theory
7 characteristics of pea plants
- seed color (yellow, green)
- seed shape (round, wrinkled)
- seed coat color (colored, white)
- food color (green, yellow)
- food shape (inflated, constricted)
- flower position (axial, terminal)
- height (tall, short)
F1 means?
first fillial generation
f2 means?
self-pollination
3 possible combination of genes
- principles of dominance
- law of segregation
- punnett square
person’s unique sequence of DNA
genotype
observable expression ot genotype
phenotype
true or false: genotype are the organisms and phenotype are different copies.
true
has the same copies to gene
homozygous
has different copies to gene
heterozygous
dominant
both capital letters (YY)
homo recessive
both small letters (yy)
hetero recessive
one big, one small (Yy)
what do you call of Mendel’s paper?
The Experiments on Plant Hybridization
