5. Victims & Road Policing Flashcards

1
Q

Who is classified as “immediate family” according to the Victim’s Rights Act?

A

(a) means a member of the victim’s family, whanau, or other culturally recognised family group, who is in a close relationship with the victim at the time of the offence; and

(b) to avoid doubt, includes a person who is—

(i) the victim’s spouse, civil union partner, or de facto partner; or

(ii) the victim’s child or step-child; or

(iii) the victim’s brother or sister or step-brother or step-sister; or

(iv) a parent or step-parent of the victim; or

(v) a grandparent of the victim.

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2
Q

Define “Incapable” according to the Victim’s Rights Act

A

incapable, in relation to a person,—

(a) means that the person—

(i) lacks, wholly or partly, the capacity to understand the nature, and to foresee the consequences, of decisions in respect of matters relating to his or her personal care and welfare; or

(ii) has the capacity to understand the nature, and to foresee the consequences, of decisions in respect of matters relating to his or her personal care and welfare, but wholly lacks the capacity to communicate decisions in respect of matters of that kind; and

(b) includes the person being in a state of continuing unconsciousness

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3
Q

Define “victim” according to the Victim’s Rights Act

A

victim —

(a) means—

(i) a person against whom an offence is committed by another person; and

(ii) a person who, through, or by means of, an offence committed by another person, suffers physical injury, or loss of, or damage to, property; and

(iii) a parent or legal guardian of a child, or of a young person, who falls within subparagraph (i) or subparagraph (ii), unless that parent or guardian is charged with the commission of, or convicted or found guilty of, or pleads guilty to, the offence concerned; and

(iv) a member of the immediate family of a person who, as a result of an offence committed by another person, dies or is incapable, unless that member is charged with the commission of, or convicted or found guilty of, or pleads guilty to, the offence concerned; and

(b) for the purposes only of sections 7 and 8, includes—

(i) a person who, through, or by means of, an offence committed by another person, suffers any form of emotional harm; and

(ii) a parent or legal guardian of a child, or of a young person, who falls within subparagraph (i), unless that parent or guardian is charged with the commission of, or convicted or found guilty of, or pleads guilty to, the offence concerned; and

(iii) a person who has experienced domestic violence; and

(iv) a child or young person residing with a person who falls within subparagraph (iii); and

(c) despite paragraphs (a) and (b), if an offence is committed by a person, does not include another person charged (whether as a principal or party or accessory after the fact or otherwise) with the commission of, or convicted or found guilty of, or who pleads guilty to,—

(i) that offence; or

(ii) an offence relating to the same incident or series of incidents as that crime or offence

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4
Q

What is s7 of the VR Act?

A

Treatment of a victim - Any person who deals with a victim (for example, a judicial officer, lawyer, member of court staff, Police employee, probation officer, or member of the New Zealand Parole Board) should —

(a) treat the victim with courtesy and compassion; and

(b) respect the victim’s dignity and privacy.

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5
Q

What is s8 of the VR Act?

A

Access to Services - A victim or member of a victim’s family who has welfare, health, counselling, medical, or legal needs arising from the offence should have access to services that are responsive to those needs.

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6
Q

What is s11 of the VR Act?

A

Information about programmes & services - (1) A victim must, as soon as practicable after the victim comes into contact with an agency, be given information by the personnel of the agency about programmes, remedies, or services available to the victim through the agency.

(2) In this section, agency means—

(a) the Accident Compensation Corporation:

(b) a DHB (as defined in section 6(1) of the New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000):

(c) the Department of Corrections:

(d) the Ministry of Justice

(e) The Ministry of Social Development:

(f) the New Zealand Police.

“Services includes participation in restorative justice processes”

(3) Nothing in this section prevents information of a kind that, under this section, must be given to a victim of an offence, from also being given to any other person (for example, to a person who was disadvantaged by the offence).

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7
Q

What is s12 of the VR Act?

A

Information about Proceedings - (1) A victim must, as soon as practicable, be given information by investigating authorities or, as the case requires, by members of court staff, or the prosecutor, about the following matters:

(a) the progress of the investigation of the offence:

(b) the charges laid or reasons for not laying charges, and all changes to the charges laid:

(c) the victim’s role as a witness in the prosecution of the offence:

(ca) the possibility (if any) of the court making an order prohibiting the publication of identifying information about the victim, and the steps that the victim may take in relation to the making of that order

(d) the date and place of each event listed in subsection (2):

(e) the outcome of the prosecution of the offence (and of any proceedings on appeal), for example –

(i) any plea of guilty or conviction entered, and sentence imposed or substituted; or

(ii) any finding that an accused in unfit to stand trial; or

(iii) any finding that the charge was not proved; or

(iv) any acquittal or deemed acquittal; or

(v) any grant of free pardon.”

(2) The events referred to in subsection (1)(d) are—

(a) the first appearance in court, in connection with the offence, of the person accused of the offence:

(b) any preliminary hearing relating to the offence:

(c) any trial relating to the offence:

(d) any hearings set down for sentencing for the offence:

(e) any hearings of appeals (if any) against conviction of the offence, or against the sentence imposed, or to be imposed, for the offence, or both.

(f) any hearing of a question of conviction or sentence referred by the Governor-General under section 406(a) of the Crimes Act 1961and any hearing of an appeal against the determination of that question.

(3) Nothing in this section prevents information of a kind that, under this section, must be given to a victim of an offence, from also being given to any other person (for example, to a person who was disadvantaged by the offence).

(4) In this section, investigating authorities means persons or bodies investigating the offence in the performance or exercise of their official functions, powers, or duties; but does not include a person exercising or performing functions, powers, or duties of a probation officer under any enactment.

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8
Q

Who is legally obligated to keep the victim informed as to the progress of the investigation?

A

Police are legally obliged to inform promptly – and keep informed – the victim as to the progress of the investigation, the reasons for the decision made with respect to a prosecution and the progress of the proceedings. This obligation will most often be discharged by the OC case.

Although Court Victim Advisors and Prosecutions staff often notify the victim of such matters, it is important to remember that only the police have a statutory responsibility to meet these obligations.

NIA Victim Contact node is to be used by the OC case throughout the investigation, to record contact with the victim and the action taken to provide the victim with information updates. It is required to be completed for all files, not just arrest files.

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9
Q

Define a “victim Impact Statement” according to s17AA of the VR Act

A

(1) In sections 17AB to 27, victim impact statement—

(a) means information that –

(i) is ascertained under section 17 from

(A) a victim, or

(B) a person who, under section 20 is treated as a victim; and

(ii) is to be, or has been submitted –

(A) under section 21AA on request, to a judicial officer for the purpose of giving the accused a sentence indication

(B) under section 21 to a judicial officer sentencing the offender, and

(b) includes any recording, summary, transcript, or other copy of that information

(2) In this section, information may include any photographs, drawings, or other visual representations provided by the victim.

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10
Q

What is the purpose of a victim impact statement according to s17AB of the VR Act?

A

The purpose of a victim impact statement is to—

(a) enable the victim to provide information to the court about the effects of offending; and

(b) assist the court in understanding the victim’s views about the offending; and

(c) inform the offender about the impact of offending, from the victim’s perspective.

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11
Q

What should be ascertained from a victim for a VIS according to s177 of the VR Act? (4)

A

The matters referred to in subsection (1) are:

(a) any physical injury or emotional harm suffered by the victim through, or by means of, the offence; and

(b) any loss of, or damage to, property suffered by the victim through, or by means of, the offence; and

(c) any other effects of the offence on the victim; and

(d) any other matter consistent with the purpose of victim impact statements set out in section 17AB.

(3) If a person is a victim in terms of paragraph (a)(iii) of the definition of ‘victim’ in section 4, then a reference in subsection (2)(a) to (c) of this section to the victim includes a reference to the child or young person concerned.

(4) If a person is a victim in terms of paragraph (a)(iv) of the definition of victim in section 4, because a member of that person’s immediate family is incapable, then a reference in subsection (2)(a) to (c) of this section to the victim includes a reference to the incapable person concerned.

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12
Q

S17 of the VR Act ensures that who is included in a VIS?

A

A child or young person who is present, or involved as a victim or a witness, or as the child of a victim, should be included in the victim impact statement process the same way as the primary victim.

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13
Q

A VIS Serves 4 purposes. What are they?

A

(a) It assists the Court generally by providing information;

(b) Information about the effect of a crime on the victim helps to balance the information in any pre-sentence report on the offender;

(c) It provides the victim with input into the administration of justice. This assists the Court in seeing things from the victim’s perspective and may aid in the healing process; and

(d) The offender is forced to recognise what he or she has done. This may advance the rehabilitative process, and prevent further offending.

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14
Q

What should a VIS not include?

A

‘Victim impact statements should not contain the victim’s account of the actual offending. In cases where the offender has pleaded guilty, details of the offending come before the court either in an agreed statement of facts or by way of a disputed facts hearing. Victim impact statements are to inform the sentencing judge of the effects of the offending, not the details of the offending’.

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15
Q

While it is good practice for the O/C file to ensure that a victim impact statement is prepared for the first Court appearance, this is not always possible. When is it Mandatory for a VIS to be available by?

A

The second appearance

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16
Q

Where should any additions to the original VIS be added?

A

Any updates to the victim impact statement should be added to the bottom of the original. This will allow the victim impact statement to be given in its entirety to the judge rather than the more recent version. Over time the content tends to become minimised and the last up dated version may look very different to the original. Police want the Judge to see the full extent of the effect of the crime on the victim.

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17
Q

Can VIS include photos & diagrams?

A

Yes- it can also be presented as an electronic recording

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18
Q

What is s18 of the VR Act?

A

Procedure before ascertaining information from victim - The prosecutor must make all reasonable efforts to ensure, before information is ascertained from a victim under section 17,—

(a) that the victim is informed—

(i) that the information is being ascertained for a victim impact statement; and

(ii) that the victim must ensure that any information that he or she gives is true; and

(iii) that the information must be recorded, and may be verified in the way stated in section 19(3) or (4); and

(b) that the victim is informed about who may properly see or make or keep copies of the victim impact statement , and about the orders, directions, and conditions, relating to disclosure and distribution of it, that may be made under sections 24(3)(b), 25, and 27; and

(c) that any views the victim has on whether the prosecutor should apply for orders, directions, or conditions of that kind, are ascertained.

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19
Q

According to s29 of the VR Act, what is a specified offence?

A

In this Act a specified offence is—

(a) an offence of a sexual nature, specified in—

(i) Part 7 of the Crimes Act 1961, excluding the offences in sections 143 and 144

(ii) sections 216(H) to 216(J) of the Crimes Act 1961; or

(b) an offence of serious assault that does not come within paragraph (a); or

(c) an offence that resulted in serious injury to a person, in the death of a person, or in a person becoming incapable; or

(d) an offence of another kind, and that has led to the victim having ongoing fears on reasonable grounds—

(i) for his or her physical safety or security; or

(ii) for the physical safety or security of 1 or more members of his or her immediate family.

NOTE: This section prescribes the victims who may go on the “Victim Notification Register”.

Section 29(a) refers to an offence of a sexual nature as listed in Part 7 of the Crimes Act 1961.

Part 7 covers most major sexual offences (sexual violation, incest, indecent assault, meeting a young person following sexual grooming, etc).

In relation to section 29(b) or (c) relating to serious assaults or causing serious injury or death, the focus is still on the characteristics and seriousness of the offending in the particular case, rather than the offence category with which the offender is charged. For example, presentation of a loaded firearm, which has been held to be a ‘serious assault’ for the purposes of paragraph (a) in Hetherington v Police HC Auckland CRI-2011-404-46, 30 March 2011.

Paragraph (d) broadens the range of eligible victims to cover those who have not suffered physical harm, but who have good reason to fear the offender’s release – for example, victims of offences such as threatening to kill, or arson, or breach of protection order.

As soon as practicable after the victim comes into contact with Police and an arrest occurs, Police must determine whether or not the crime perpetrated against the victim falls within the criteria outlined in section 29. If it does then the victim must be told of their right to register on the what?

Victims Notification Register

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20
Q

If a victim is on the VNR, what events can they expect to be notified of? (9)

A

• Temporary release or escape from prison

• Absconding from home detention

• Impending release from prison

• Convictions for breaching conditions of release

• Recalls to prison

• Pending parole hearings, and how to make submissions to the Parole Board

• Notification of the Parole Boards decision

• Deportation Hearings

• Claim opportunities under the Prisoner and Victims Claims Act 2005

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21
Q

Where can staff check if a VNR registration has been successful?

A

Staff can check to see if the registration has been successful by simply checking on the front page of the intranet Applications & Databases /Notifications/Queries; and entering the offender’s or victim’s details in the lower query section

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22
Q

What is s29A of the VR Act?

A

Commissioner of Police to determine whether an offence affecting the victim is a specified offence. NOTE: The duty of the Commissioner of Police contained in section 29A is delegated to all Police staff for completing.

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23
Q

What is s30 of the VR Act?

A

Victim’s views about release on bail of accused or offender

(1) This section applies if—

(a) the victim is the victim of a specified offence; and

(b) The persons accused of the offence, or, as the case requires, the offender applies to a court for release on bail

(2) If this section applies, the prosecutor must—

(a) make all reasonable efforts to ascertain any views the victim has about the accused, or, as the case requires, the offender, being released on bail; and

(b) inform the court of any views ascertained under paragraph (a)

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24
Q

When must a Prosecutor make all reasonable efforts to put before the Court the views of the victim (or the immediate family if the victim is deceased or incapable) as to the release of the offender on Bail?

A

If the victim has experienced any of the specified offences outlined in s29, and the person accused of the crime applies to the court to be released on bail

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25
Q

Where are the victim’s views on bail to be written?

A

The victim’s views are to be either written in the Opposition to Bail or in the covering 258 to the Prosecutor.

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26
Q

What is s31 of the VR Act?

A

Police to give victims of specified offences information about right to ask for notice and to appoint representative

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27
Q

What is s40 of the VR Act?

A

Representatives for notice - A victim to whom this section applies may, for any reason he or she thinks fit, appoint any other person (in sections 41 to 45 called the representative) to receive on the victim’s behalf, and ensure that the victim is given and understands, any notice to be given to the victim under any of sections 34 to 39 (in sections 41 to 45 called the information).

NOTE: This section applies to Victims registered or applying to receive Victim Notifications. If any such victim appoints a representative and informs the relevant agency of the representative’s details, the notice that the agency is required to give to the victim by ss34-39 is to be given instead to that representative. The representative has obligations to receive and pass on the notifications to the victim (s41(c)).

The representative will act as the go-between on behalf of the victim, and will receive all notifications and make all comment in regards to the victim’s views and wishes, including bail. Therefore, the level of service to the victim does not change in any way. Information is passed via the representative.

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28
Q

If a victim chooses to make a complaint under s49 of the VR Act, who could they complain to?

A

The victim or person may complain to—

(a) the person who, under the relevant specified provisions, appears to be required to accord the victim or person the right:

(b) an Ombudsman, in accordance with the Ombudsmen Act 1975, if the person who, under the relevant specified provisions, appears to be required to accord the victim or person the right, may be the subject of a complaint under that Act:

(c) the Independent Police Conduct Authority, in accordance with the Independent Police Conduct Authority Act 1988, if the person who, under the relevant specified provisions, appears to be required to accord the victim or person the right, is a member of the police:

(d) the Privacy Commissioner, in accordance with the Privacy Act 1993, if the matter involves, or may involve, an action that is, or appears to be, an interference with the privacy of the victim or person.

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29
Q

As stated in section 50(2), is there financial liability as a result of a breach only of the victim’s rights under the Act?

A

No - (Although if the breach occurs in combination with other rights (such as that of privacy) there may be some financial liability – see s50(3))

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30
Q

What is s51 of the VR Act?

A

Return of property held as evidence -

(1) Law enforcement agencies that hold property of a person (other than an offender) for evidentiary purposes must, to the extent that it is possible to do so, return it to the person as soon as practicable after they no longer need to hold it for those purposes.

(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a law enforcement agency if the person advises that agency that he or she does not want the property returned.

31
Q

What is NZ’s Road Safety Strategy 2020-2030?

A

Road to Zero

32
Q

On average, how many people are killed and injured on NZ roads?

A

Killed – 1 a day

Injured – 1 an hour

33
Q

What is the Road to Zero priority?

A

Peoples’ safety

34
Q

What is the Government’s vision for New Zealand roads?

A

Where no one is killed or seriously injured in road crashes. It is based on Vision Zero, a global movement that has seen significant decreases in road trauma in Sweden, New York and parts of Australia.

35
Q

The Road to zero has identified what 5 areas of focus ?

A

1- infrastructure improvements and speed management
2 - vehicle safety
3 - work related road safety
4- road user choices
5 - system management

36
Q

What are the 7 guiding principals for the Road to Zero?

A
  1. We promote good choices but plan for mistakes
  2. We design for human vulnerability
  3. We strengthen all parts of the road transport system
  4. We have a shared responsibility for improving road safety
  5. Our actions are grounded in evidence and evaluated
  6. Our road safety actions support health, wellbeing and liveable places
  7. We make safety a critical decision-making priority
37
Q

What are the 5 focus areas for the Road to Zero?

A
  1. Infrastructure improvements and speed management
  2. Vehicle safety
  3. Work-related road safety
  4. Road user choices
  5. System management
38
Q

What are the immediate actions for the focus area “Infrastructure and Speed”? (4)

A
  1. Invest more in safety treatments and infrastructure improvements
  2. Introduce a new approach to tackling unsafe speeds
  3. Review infrastructure standards and guidelines
  4. Enhance safety and accessibility of footpaths, bike lanes and cycleways
39
Q

What are the immediate actions for the focus area “Vehicle and Safety”? (3)

A
  1. Raise safety standards for vehicles entering the fleet
  2. Increase understanding of vehicle safety
  3. Implement mandatory anti-lock braking systems for motor cycles
40
Q

What are the immediate actions for the focus area “Work related Safety”? (2)

A
  1. Support best practice for work-related travel
  2. Strengthen the regulation of commercial transport services
41
Q

What are the immediate actions for the focus area “Road user Choices”? (5)

A
  1. Prioritise road policing
  2. Enhance drug driver testing
  3. Increase access to driver licensing and training
  4. Support motorcycle safety
  5. Review road safety penalties
42
Q

What is the immediate action for the focus area “System Management”?

A

Strengthen system leadership, support and coordination.

43
Q

What is the overarching goal for the Road to Zero strategy?

A

To reduce the number of deaths and serious injuries by 40% by 2030

44
Q

In the Road to Zero strategy, what is Intervention Indicators?

A

Intervention indicators measure progress of specific action plan initiatives. They will be updated in each action plan to ensure they stay relevant.

45
Q

In the Road to Zero strategy, what is Safety Performance Indicators?

A

Safety performance indicators are what the Government seeks to improve through successful programme delivery. They are enduring and will be monitored throughout the duration of the strategy.

46
Q

In the Road to Zero strategy, what is Outcome Indicators?

A

Outcome indicators relate closely to the overarching goal. Like the safety performance indicators, they are enduring and will be monitored throughout the duration of the strategy

47
Q

What is NZ Police Purpose?

A

New Zealand Police’s purpose is to ensure everyone can be safe and feel safe – on the roads and in our communities

48
Q

What are Our Goals according to Our Business?

A

Safe Homes - Safe homes means families free from violence, abuse and neglect. It means preventing burglary and other threats to te places where people should always feel safe.

Safe Roads - Safe roads means working with our partners to prevent death and injury resulting from crashes so that everyone who leaves home in the morning can return safely at the end of the day.
Safe Communities - Safe communities means that people are safe and feel safe wherever they go and whatever they do. It means safe public spaces where businesses, social gatherings and entertainment can be enjoyed without fear of crime or harm.

49
Q

Who was the Road to Zero developed in partnership with?

A

Police, the Ministry of Transport and the New Zealand Transport Agency

50
Q

The Road Safety Partnership Programme was developed to directly contribute to achieving the target of what percentage reduction in road deaths and serious injuries over what timeframe?

A

40 % over 10 years

51
Q

What percentage of investment int the Road Safety Partnership Programme is targeted towards RIDS and high-risk drivers?

A

75%

52
Q

What time period does the Road to Zero Action Plan cover?

A

2020-2022

53
Q

Within the Road to Zero space, what sort of resolutions will we increase our focus on?

A

We will increase our focus on supportive resolutions, enabling us to tailor our response to offending and ensuring we address causation. The issuing of infringements will be conducted when and where appropriate, but they are not our sole option – we will think more holistically

54
Q

What is IILM in Road policing terms?

A

Integrated Intervention Logic Model (IILM)

55
Q

Name the 5 sections of Critical Command Information

A
  1. Repeat Registrations Report

The Repeat Registrations Report identifies recidivist high risk drivers subject to the Tasking and Co-ordination process. These continue to be updated monthly.

  1. Road Safety Partnership

New Zealand Police, the New Zealand Transport Agency and the Ministry of Transport will work more closely together and better align their capability, assets, and people to form the foundation of a new and stronger approach to road safety

  1. Tasking and Coordination

There are various tactics and tools available within the tasking and coordination process specific to road safety. Deployment of road policing resource will be done in adherence to the tasking and coordination process at all levels. This will ensure that evidence becomes the basis for our deployment.

  1. Tools (OnDuty)

The functionality of OnDuty continues to be reviewed and streamlined to enable our people to adopt a supportive resolution mindset. This includes adding the ability to record and track the use of supportive resolutions.

  1. Local Stakeholder Partnerships

A key component going forward is engaging with national and local partners, leveraging their skills and mandates to assist Police in achieving its road safety outcomes.

Road Policing Managers will continue to build on existing local partnerships with the support of Police National Headquarters

56
Q

What is a Fleeing Driver?

A

A fleeing driver is a driver who has been signalled to stop by a constable but fails to stop or remain stopped, or a driver who flees as a result of Police presence, whether signalled to stop or not.

57
Q

What is the purpose of the fleeing driver policy?

A

The purpose of this policy is to guide staff decision making around signalling a driver to stop, and in the event of a fleeing driver, how to achieve the safest possible outcomes.

58
Q

What is the paramount consideration in the Felling Driver Policy?

A

Safety is the paramount consideration

59
Q

What is the overriding principle when applying TENR?

A

‘safety is success’

60
Q

Vehicle stops are unpredictable. Signalling a driver to stop may result in the driver fleeing Police, including at an alcohol checkpoint.

As part of your ongoing TENR risk assessment, you must consider: (3)

A

• initial threat posed by the vehicle occupant(s)

• necessity to immediately apprehend the driver and/or passenger(s), and

• risk of harm to any person if the driver fails to stop or remain stopped.

61
Q

Each fleeing driver event will be reviewed to determine whether the decision was: (5)

A

• appropriate

• lawful

• justified, considering all the circumstances

• compliant with Police Instructions, and

• whether there are lessons to be learnt and applied

62
Q

Name the 10 overall principles of the fleeing driver policy

A

• Safety of the public, vehicle occupant(s) and Police staff takes precedence over the immediate apprehension of a fleeing driver.

• A driver failing to stop or remain stopped, is not in itself sufficient reason to commence a pursuit.

• An investigation is preferred over the commencement or continuation of a pursuit.

• A pursuit is only justified when the threat posed by the vehicle occupants(s) prior to signalling the driver to stop, and the necessity to immediately apprehend the driver and/or passenger(s), outweighs the risk of harm created by the pursuit.

• Police will consider the likely impact of any response on the risk of harm particularly when children or young people are involved.

• All staff share a collective responsibility to achieve the common purpose of ensuring the fleeing driver event is managed as safely as possible.

• A decision to not pursue or to abandon a pursuit will be supported.

• Fleeing driver events will be investigated to identify the offender(s) and hold them to account.

• Fleeing driver events will be reviewed in a timely manner to identify and effectively manage or escalate any health and safety risks, training issues, systemic issues or lessons learnt.

• Staff may be criminally liable if their manner of driving contravenes legislation.

63
Q

If the information available indicates a driver is likely to flee, the Emergency Communications Centre should be advised of: (3)

A

• the reason for wanting to stop the driver, and

• the intention to signal the driver to stop, and

• whether a pursuit is going to be initiated if the driver fails to stop.

64
Q

Discuss some of the responsibilities of the Initiating unit driver and/or constabulary passenger in a fleeing driver incident:

A

• Advises the Emergency Communications Centre of the pursuit as soon as practicable, including the initial reason for signalling the driver to stop, location, direction and vehicle description.

“Comms, {Call sign}. In pursuit - {initial reason for signalling the driver to stop}. {Direction} on {road}.”

• Ensures warning lights and siren are activated.

• Acknowledges and complies with all directions from the Emergency Communications Centre.

• Continuously performs a TENR risk assessment to assess whether the risks associated with the pursuit continue to be justified.

• Ensures all relevant risk information is communicated to the Emergency Communications Centre.

• Abandons the pursuit if their TENR risk assessment identifies that the risk of harm outweighs the initial threat posed by the vehicle occupants and the need to immediately apprehend.

“Comms, {Call sign}. Abandoning pursuit – {reason for abandonment}.”

Note: Notwithstanding the above, no driver can be directed to commence or continue a fleeing driver pursuit against their judgement.

65
Q

Discuss some of the responsibilities of the Dispatcher in a Fleeing Driver Incident

A

• Request the initial reason for signalling the driver to stop, if not already provided.

“{Call sign}, Comms. Advise reason for signalling the driver to stop.”

• The Dispatcher may abandon the pursuit where the initial reason for signalling the driver to stop is not provided or is insufficient to justify a pursuit.

“{Call sign}, Comms. Abandon pursuit now – {reason for abandonment}. Acknowledge.”

• If the Dispatcher is satisfied that sufficient reason for the pursuit has been communicated, they acknowledge the pursuit as detailed below.

“{Call sign}, Comms. Pursuit acknowledged. Comms has command. Safety is our priority. Acknowledge.”

• Conveys the reason for the pursuit to the pursuit controller.

• Maintains essential radio communications with all units.

• Complies with all directions from the pursuit controller.

• If no pursuit controller or team leader is available, the Dispatcher must direct the abandonment of the pursuit.

“All units from Comms. Abandon pursuit now – pursuit not supervised. Acknowledge.”

66
Q

Discuss some of the responsibilities of the Secondary vehicle drivers/constabulary passengers in a fleeing driver incident

A

• Continuously perform a TENR risk assessment to assess whether the risks associated with the pursuit continue to be justified.

• Ensure warning lights and sirens are activated.

• Follow behind the initiating/lead unit at a safe distance to provide support and tactical options.

• Notify the Emergency Communications Centre as soon as practicable that they are involved in the pursuit.

• Acknowledge and comply with all directions from the Emergency Communications Centre.

• Take over the pursuit commentary if the initiating/lead vehicle is single crewed.

• Ensure all relevant risk information is relayed to the Emergency Communications Centre.

• Direct abandonment the pursuit if their TENR risk assessment identifies that the risk of harm outweighs the initial threat posed by the vehicle occupants and the need to immediately apprehend.

“All units from {call sign}. Abandon pursuit now – {reason for abandonment}. Acknowledge.”

67
Q

Discuss some of the responsibilities of the Pursuit Controller during a Fleeing driver incident

A

• Is responsible for control and command of the pursuit.

• Confirms the initial reason for signalling the driver to stop.

• Directs abandonment where the initial reason for signalling the driver to stop is not provided or is insufficient to justify a pursuit.

“All units from Comms. Abandon pursuit now – {reason for abandonment}. Acknowledge.”

or

• Ensures the pursuit acknowledgement has been given and acknowledged by the initiating unit.

• Continuously performs own TENR risk assessment to assess whether the risks associated with the pursuit continue to be justified.

• Plans to resolve the pursuit as safely as possible and communicates this plan, and any subsequent revision of the plan.

• If resources allow:

– ensures a secondary vehicle takes over the pursuit commentary if the initiating unit is single-crewed

– replaces unmarked vehicles (Category B) with marked vehicles (Category A) at the earliest opportunity

– replaces a single-crewed initiating unit with a two-person unit as soon as practicable.

• Limits the number of Police units following the fleeing driver to no more than two, unless tactically appropriate.

• Coordinates tactical units and options to resolve the event safely (including the Air Support Unit where available).

• Monitors situation reports to ensure sufficient risk information is being provided to enable informed decision-making.

• Directs the abandonment of the pursuit when:

– their TENR risk assessment identifies that the risk of harm outweighs the initial threat posed by the vehicle occupants and the need to immediately apprehend

– the identity of the fleeing driver becomes known and/or the fleeing driver does not pose an immediate threat and it is likely they can be safely apprehended later

– pursuing unit(s) have lost contact with the fleeing driver

– sustained loss of communication with pursuing unit(s).

“All units from Comms. Abandon pursuit now – {reason for abandonment}. Acknowledge.”

68
Q

Discuss some of the responsibilities of the Field Supervisor in a Fleeing Driver Incident

A

• Maintain supervisory oversight.

• Provide support to staff and the pursuit controller, avoiding direct involvement in the pursuit where possible.

• Continuously performs own TENR risk assessment to assess whether the risks associated with the pursuit continue to be justified.

• Direct abandonment if their TENR risk assessment identifies that the risk of harm outweighs the initial threat posed by the vehicle occupants and the need to immediately apprehend.

“All units from {call sign}. Abandon pursuit now – {reason for abandonment}. Acknowledge.”

69
Q

Do DCC & NCCC have a command role during a Fleeing Driver event?

A

No – They may provide situational intelligence to staff and the Emergency Communications Centre

70
Q

What action must be taken by ground units when a pursuit is abandoned? (7)

A
  1. Acknowledge the direction to abandon the pursuit.
  2. Immediately reduce speed to increase the distance between the fleeing driver and their own vehicle.
  3. Deactivate warning devices once below the posted speed limit.
  4. Stop as soon as it is safe to do so. If stopping in an area such as a motorway, safety may necessitate that warning lights remain activated until their vehicle is mobile again.
  5. Advise the pursuit controller they are stationary and state their specific location.
  6. Stop actively searching for the offending driver, unless specifically authorised by the pursuit controller.
  7. Resume normal duties or deploy to other events as directed.
71
Q

When must the relevant sections of the Fleeing Driver notification be completed by the initiating unit?

A

Before the end of shift or with approval, within 5 days of the end of shift and before going on RDOs or leave

72
Q

Which sections of the S&S act allow for the establishment of a road block?

A

Sections 30& 32of the S&S Act allow the establishment of an authorised road block to arrest a person who is unlawfully at large or a person who has committed an offence punishable by imprisonment where there are grounds to believe such persons are in a vehicle. Section 32 also allows the stopping of vehicles at the road block or in the vicinity of the road block.

73
Q

What may the pursuit controller request that Air Support Unit do in a fleeing driver incident? (2)

A

• take over primary responsibility for providing commentary

• assist in the coordination of ground units to resolve the fleeing driver event safely