5 - Types

Question 1

Synthesized Procaine

Answer 1

Einhorn

Question 2

Greatest vasodilator of all clinically used local anes

Answer 2

Procaine

Question 3

Procaine pKa and pH

Answer 3

Pka 9.1 -> slow onset of anes (6-10mins)
Ph 4.5

Kaya weak anes

Question 4

Procaine is usually combined with?

Answer 4

Propoxycaine

For rapid onset
For profound and long lasting effect

Question 5

Lowers effectiveness of sulfonamides

Answer 5

Procaine

MOA of sulfonamide is competitive antagonism with PABA

Question 6

Brand name of procaine

Answer 6

Novocain

Question 7

Potency is 7-8times than procaine

Answer 7

Propoxycaine

Not used alone

Question 8

Onset, pka, ph of propoxycaine

Answer 8

Rapid

8. 5
9. 5

Question 9

Conc of propoxycaine when combined with procaine

Answer 9

4%

Question 10

Max dose of propoxycaine

Answer 10

400mg

Question 11

Synthesized lidocaine

Answer 11

Lofgren

Question 12

Gold standard of La

Answer 12

Lidocaine

Question 13

Onset, pka, ph of lidocaine

Answer 13

Rapid (2-3min)

7. 9
8. 5 (plain), 5-5.5 (w/ vasoconstrictor)

Question 14

Effective dose of lidocaine

Answer 14

2%

Question 15

Max dose of lidocaine

Answer 15

500mg with vaso

300mg w/o

Question 16

Other use or lidocaine

Answer 16

Correct arrhythmia

Bronchodilation

Question 17

Prilocaine pka, ph, max dose

Answer 17

Pka 7.9
pH 6.7 or 6-7
Max dose 400mg at 4% concentration w/ or w/o epinephrine

Question 18

Metabolit orthotuluidine

Answer 18

Prilocaine

Ortholuidine can cause methemoglobinemia

Question 19

Characterized by inc quantities of Hemoglobin in which the iron of heme is oxidized to ferric form. useless as o2 carrier –> cyanosis

Answer 19

Methomoglobinemia

Question 20

Consistenly reduces blood o2 carrying capacity

Answer 20

Prilocaine

Symptoms may be reversed with IV administration of 1-2 mg/kg methylene blue

Question 21

Cleared from the body faster than other amides

Answer 21

Prilocaine

Question 22

2x more potent than procaine

Answer 22

Mepivacaine (carbocaine)

Question 23

Mepivacaine pKa, ph, max dose

Answer 23

7. 6
8. 5

400mg

Question 24

Mepivacaine is available in –

Answer 24

2% w vasoconstrictor

3% w/o vc

Question 25

Compare anes effect of mepivacaine and lidocaine

Answer 25

Similar

Question 26

4x as potent and toxic compared to lidocaine

Answer 26

Bupivacaine (Marcaine)

Question 27

Bupivacaine pka, ph, max dose

Answer 27

8. 1
9. 5-6.5

225mg w Vc
175mg w/o vc

Question 28

Recommended for lengthy procedures and management of post op pain

Answer 28

Bupivacaine (marcaine)

Long acting 3(pulpal anes)-12 hrs(nerve block)

Question 29

Usually unnecessary for routine dental procedure

Answer 29

Bupivacaine (marcaine)

Question 30

Bupivacaine available in

Answer 30

0.5% w/ 1:200 000 epi

Question 31

4x as potent and 2x as toxic as lidocaine

2x duration of action

Answer 31

Etidocaine (duranest)

Question 32

Etidocaine pka ph max dose, available in

Answer 32

7.7
3-5

400mg w vc
300mg w/o vc

Question 33

Not indicated when risk of self mutilation is increased

Answer 33

Bupivacaine

Etidocaine

Question 34

Comapare bupivacaine and etidocaine

Answer 34

Both long duration but etidocaine has faster onset

Etidocaine has lower pka kasi

Question 35

Hybrid molecule - classified as amide but possesses both amide and ester characteristics

Answer 35

Articaine (primaciane)

Question 36

Lipophilic portion of articaine

Answer 36

Thiophene ring

Only amide la that contains thiophene grp sa iba kasi benzene ring

Question 37

Effective concentration of articaine and absolute dose

Answer 37

4% w 1:100 000 or 1:200 000 epi

500mg

Question 38

Only La that can undergo biotransformation in both plasma and liver

Answer 38

Articaine