5 - Trends in Male Health Flashcards
What is the difference in life expectancy for males across the country?
Highest life expectancy 83.3 in Chelsea and lowest in Glasgow 73.3
What is the cancer risk for males?
- Men more likely to die of common cancers than female
- More men die of breast cancer than testicular cancer
What is the male risk of diabetes compared to females?
- Men more likely to be overweight than women at every age
- Men more likely to suffer complications of diabetes e.g foot ulcers and twice as likely to die prematurely
What are the statistics of male mental health and suicide?
- Suicide is the biggest cause of death in men under 45
- Peak age for male suicide deaths is 45-49
What are some risk factors for males that may lead them to having poor mental health?
- Relationship breakdowns
- stress
- substance misuse
- Viewing talking therapies badly
- Responding to stress with risk taking behaviour (misusing alcohol)
- Unemployed men
- trauma
- Being midlife
Why do males undergo health seeking behaviour much less than women, especially for mental health?
- Embarrassed or ashamed to take time off like they would for a physical injury
- Worried their employer might think worse of them
- Most don’t feel comfortable speaking to their GP as they feel they are wasting their time
- Main stress is often financial concerns and work related stress
What are some factors that increase your CVD risk?
Monitor patients on schizophrenic drugs and if they have ED
What are some common causes of erectile dysfunction?
- Diabetes
- Atherosclerosis
- Smoking cigarettes
- Side effect of prescribed drugs
- Spinal cord injury
- Regular heavy drinking
- Following prostate or pelvic surgery
- Cycling
What are some questions you should ask a patient if they present with ED?
- Determine the duration of the problem and whether it is related to time, place or partner
- Ask about loss of sex drive
- Ask about physical problems like pain
- Explore sources of stress, anxiety, guilt or anger
- Exclude illness that may affect sexual performance e.g CVD, testosterone or thyroid deficiency, pelvic or spinal trauma/surgery, arthritis
If a male presents with ED what other risk should you consider?
They have a higher risk of CVD (especially MI and angina) if they present with ED!!!
What are some drugs that have the side effect of ED?
- Anti-hypertensives
- Heart disease drugs
- Antidepressants
- Peptic ulcer drugs
- Cancer drugs
What are some treatments for erectile dysdfunction?
first line inhibitors: PDE5 inhibitors (Vasodilation)
Vacuum erection devices
second line: inter cavernous Alprostadil
third line: Penile prostheses
What are risk factors for elderly males developing LUTS?
What are some filling and voiding LUTS?
When should you refer a male for specialist assessment with their LUTS?
- If they have LUTS complication by UTIs or retention or if you suspect urological cancer
- Men with stress incontinence
- Bothersome LUTS that have not responded to drug treatment
What are the symptoms of BPH?
Occurs in the transitional zone so will have a normal DRE
