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PSY 470 Exam 2 > 5: Trauma, Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders > Flashcards

5: Trauma, Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Major stress hormone of the body

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) leading to cortisol release

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2
Q

Prevalence of PTSD

A

Lifetime - 6.8%, Current Year - 3.5%

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3
Q

Criteria of PTSD (6)

A
  1. Exposure to event
  2. Intrusion symptoms
  3. Avoidance symptoms
  4. Arousal and reactivity symptoms
  5. Alterations in cognition and mood
  6. Duration greater than 1 month
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4
Q

Examples of groups with elavated prevalence of PTSD

A

Veterans, rape victims, breast cancer patients

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5
Q

Special type of PTSD with disconnection to self

A

PTSD with prominent dissociative symptoms

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6
Q

Vulnerability factors for PTSD

A

Biology, psychology, characteristics of event, and social factors

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7
Q

Risk of PTSD with cortisol

A

Lower cortisol = higher risk

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8
Q

Treatments for PTSD (4)

A
  1. Trauma-focused Cog-Behav Therapy
  2. Stress-management/Relaxation Therapy
  3. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)
  4. Biological Treatments (SSRI and benzodiazepines)
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9
Q

Components of Trauma-focused CBT for PTSD (4)

A
  1. Psychoeducation
  2. Anxiety Management
  3. Exposure
  4. Cognitive Restructuring
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10
Q

Treatment for those unable to tolerate exposure to PTSD event

A

Stress-inoculation therapy (targets stress management and effects of PTSD)

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11
Q

EMDR

A

Processes distressing memories to reduce their impact using bilateral sensory input

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12
Q

Specific Phobia Criteria (5)

A
  1. Fear or anxiety about specific object or situation
  2. Stimuli provokes immediate fear or anxiety
  3. Avoidance or enduring stimuli
  4. Reaction out of proportion
  5. Lasts longer than 6 months
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13
Q

Categories of Specific Phobias (5)

A
  1. Animal
  2. Natural environment
  3. Blood-injection-injury
  4. Situational
  5. Other
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14
Q

Fear of places/situations that they might have trouble escaping or getting help

A

Agoraphobia

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15
Q

Best theory of phobias

A

Created by classical conditioning, reinforced by operant conditioning

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16
Q

Evolutionarily-selected rapid conditioning

A

Prepared classical conditioning

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17
Q

Treatments for phobias

A
  • Behavioral therapy using exposure and desensitization

- Applied tension technique for blood-injection-injury phobias to avoid fainting

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18
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder Criteria (4)

A
  1. Fear or anxiety about social situations where exposure to scrutiny is possible
  2. Fear of showing anxiety symptoms
  3. Avoidance symptoms
  4. Lasts longer than 6 months
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19
Q

Treatments for Social Anxiety Disorder

A

-CBT exposure therapy

20
Q

Panic Disorder Criteria (2)

A
  1. Recurrent unexpected panic attacks

2. Maladaptive behavior for at least 1 month after attack

21
Q

Brain area associated with panic disorder

A

Locus ceruleus (of the brain stem)

22
Q

The unfounded belief that bodily symptoms have harmful consequences

A

Anxiety Sensitivity

23
Q

A heightened awareness of bodily cues

A

Interoceptive Awareness

24
Q

The process of interpreting bodily cues as indicators of panic attacks

A

Interoceptive Conditioning

25
Q

Association of certain situations with panic symptoms leading to avoidance of the situations

A

Conditioned Avoidance Response

26
Q

Treatments for Panic Disorder

A
  • Biological (SSRIs, Tricyclics, Benzodiazepines)

- CBT (Panic Control Therapy)

27
Q

CBT for Panic Disorder

A
  1. Teach relaxation techniques
  2. Identify catastrophic cognitions
  3. Teach application of relaxation/accurate interpretations
  4. Systematic sensitization
28
Q

GAD Criteria (3)

A
  1. Anxiety and worry occurring most days for 6 months
  2. Unable to control worry
  3. Physical symptoms from anxiety
29
Q

Theory of GAD

A

-Elevated experience of negative emotions and fear associated from those emotions

30
Q

Treatments for GAD

A
  • CBT

- Biological (SSRIs, Tricyclics, Benzodiazepines)

31
Q

Separation Anxiety Disorder Criteria (2)

A
  1. Excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation from an attached individual
  2. Lasts more than 4 weeks in children and more than 6 months in adults
32
Q

Common trait in Separation Anxiety Disorder

A

Behavioral inhibition (retreat from novel situations)

33
Q

Treatments for Separation Anxiety Disorder

A
  • CBT

- Biological (SSRIs, Benzodiazepines)

34
Q

OCD Criteria (2)

A
  1. Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both

2. Symptoms are time-consuming (1 hr/day) or distressing

35
Q

People feel they must engage in compulsions to…

A

…reduce anxiety

36
Q

Special type of compulsion to keep possessions

A

Hoarding

37
Q

Hair-pulling disorder

A

Trichotillomania

38
Q

State of alarm in response to vague sense of future threat

A

Anxiety

39
Q

Body Dismorphic Disorder

A

Preoccupation with imagined or exaggerated defect in appearance

40
Q

Facts that make sense in light of a person’s nature

A

Egosyntonic

41
Q

Facts that don’t make sense in light of a person’s nature

A

Egodystonic

42
Q

Prevalence of anxiety disorders

A

(1 year) 20%-30% (lifetime)

43
Q

Brain area related to OCD

A

Basal ganglia

44
Q

Treatments for OCD (2)

A
  1. Biological (SSRIs, Deep Brain Stimulation)

2. Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP)

45
Q

ERP

A
  • Develop hierarchy of stressful events (SUDS 1-100 scale)
  • Prolonged exposure to stimuli
  • Block rituals
  • Correct cognitions

PSY 470 Exam 2 (4 decks)

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