5. The Catholic Threat Flashcards
When was the rebellion of northern earls
1569???
Who led the rebellion of the northern earls?
Charles Neville-earl of westmoreland, and Thomas Percy-earl of Northumberland
What did the rebellion of the northern earls aim to do?
Planned to dethrone Elizabeth and put Mary QoS on the throne (marry her to Thomas Howard- duke of York)
Why did the rebellion of the northern earls fail?
Poor planning & leadership- Elizabeth sent troops to stop the march and the 2 leaders fled across the border to Scotland,
Lack of foreign support- Phillip ii of Spain reluctant to support Mary in fear she would side with France if queen,
Elizabeth was popular and English people reluctant to see pope restored
When was Elizabeth excommunicated
1570
What did the papal bull 1570(Elizabeth’s excommunication) mean
All loyal catholics called to remove Elizabeth from the throne, they had permission to plot against her
What was Elizabeth’s response to the papal bull?
Treason Act 1571, made it treasonable to declare Elizabeth not lawful queen or introduce/publish the papal bill, catholics who fled abroad could have property confiscated
When was the Rodolfi plot, what did plan?
1571, Spanish army would land and help English catholics overthrow Elizabeth and make Mary queen. Mary would marry duke of Norfolk and make England catholic
Why did the Rodolfi plot fail- what happened as a result?
William Cecil and Charles walsingham foiled the plan.
As a result:
Duke of Norfolk was imprisoned,
Ridolfi(Italian merchant and banker) and de spes(Spanish ambassador) expelled from country
When was the throckmorton plot, what was it?
1583-84, Francis throckmorton(English Jesuit/catholic) organised plot.
Planned to free Mary from captivity and put her on throne involving French catholic army, Spanish and papal money, de medoza(Spanish ambassador), duke of guise(France)
Why did the throckmorton plan fail, what happened as a result?
William Cecil and Charles walsingham foiled the plot.
Duke of guise executed for treason, de Mendoza expelled, Mary QoS moved to tutbury castle in Staffordshire and banned from receiving visitors+all mail checked by secret service
What 4 events led to increasing catholic threat (1584-85)
1584, William of orange (leader of Dutch Protestants) shot dead by catholics,
John somerville (English catholic) attempted to assassinate Elizabeth-led to passing of Bond of Association(if Elizabeth assassinated then parliament would ensure the murderers were punished),
King Phillip II of Spain gave orders to construct a fleet of ships to invade England,
Parliament ordered all jesuits and seminary priests to leave the country within 40 days
When was the babington plot- what did it do?
1586, organised by Anthony bangington(catholic nobleman). Letters written in dither code sent between babington and Mary QoS about progress of plot to overthrow Elizabeth and replace her with Mary
Why did the babington plot fail?
Letters were intercepted by walsingham and Cecil, proof of Mary’s involvement in treason.
Babington arrested in 1586 and executed with 6 other plotters
When was Mary QoS executed
February 1587
