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Dermatology Week 3 2017/18 > 5: Pathology of non-pigmented lesions > Flashcards

5: Pathology of non-pigmented lesions Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is a common benign epidermal tumour with a raised, stuck-on appearance?

A

Seborrhoeic keratosis

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2
Q

Name three precancerous dysplasias which can develop into SCCs.

A

Actinic keratoses

Bowen’s disease

Viral warts

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3
Q

What are the two common non-pigmented malignant lesions?

A

Basal cell carcinomas

Squamous cell carcinomas

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4
Q

What benign lesion is common in aging skin?

What are they made of?

A

Seborrhoeic keratoses

Keratinocytes

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5
Q

How would you describe a seborrhoeic keratosis?

A

Brown

Stuck-on appearance

Pitted / warty surface

Well-defined borders

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6
Q

What sign of internal malignancy involves the eruption of loads of seborrhoeic keratoses?

A

Leser-Trelat sign

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7
Q

What are seborrhoeic keratoses also known as?

A

Basal cell papilloma

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8
Q

What is the malignant version of a seborrhoeic keratosis?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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9
Q

Where do basal cell carcinomas appear?

A

Sun-exposed skin

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10
Q

What are the three types of basal cell carcinoma?

A

Nodular

Superficial

Morphoeic (infiltrative, spread deep to the epidermis)

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11
Q

Which type of BCC is the most important to identify?

A

Infiltrative / morphoeic

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12
Q

What do BCCs look like?

A

Slow-growing

Pearly

Telangectasia

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13
Q

Do BCCs commonly metastasise?

A

No

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14
Q

How can BCCs kill / cause serious disability?

A

Infiltrating organs & structures e.g ears, eyes, brain

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15
Q

Which form of skin cancer has three common precursor dysplasias?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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16
Q

Where is Bowen’s disease commonly found?

A

Legs

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17
Q

Where are actinic keratoses commonly found?

A

Sun exposed skin:

Scalp, face, neck, dorsal hands

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18
Q

Where are viral lesions commonly found?

A

Anogenital surfaces

19
Q

Which process do SCC precursor lesions go through?

A

Dysplasia

i.e abnormal epithelial growth, “atypia”

20
Q

Bowen’s disease is essential SCC __-__.

A

in-situ

21
Q

What does Bowen’s disease look like?

A

Scaly erythematous patches / plaques with an irregular border

22
Q

Does Bowen’s disease invade the dermis?

A

No, epidermal lesion

plaques are flat

23
Q

Bowen’s disease is most commonly seen in (men / women).

A

women

24
Q

Bowen’s disease is often mistaken for which kind of skin disease?

A

Inflammatory skin disease

25
Q

Name a SCC precursor caused by UV exposure, commonly seen on the scalp, face and hands.

A

Actinic keratosis

26
Q

What are actinic keratoses also known as?

A

Solar keratoses

cuz of sun exposure

27
Q

What happens histologically in actinic keratosis?

A

Rete ridges become elongated

28
Q

Do actinic keratoses invade the dermis?

A

No

29
Q

Which infectious agent causes lesions which may turn into SCCs?

A

Viruses

most commonly HPV

30
Q

What is erythroplasia of Queryat?

A

Penile Bowen’s disease

31
Q

Which virus is usually responsible for lesions which may turn into SCCs?

A

Human papilloma virus

32
Q

The viral lesion on slide 33 resembles which other SCC precursor?

A

Bowen’s disease

33
Q

What are the treatment options for SCC precursors (actinic keratoses, Bowen’s disease and viral lesions)?

A

Cryotherapy

Topical treatments

34
Q

What are the common sites for SCCs?

A

Sun-exposed skin (face, ears, dorsal surface of hands)

35
Q

On which chronic skin diseases can SCCs arise?

A

Leg ulcers

Burns

36
Q

Which genetic condition involves DNA repair failure and predisposes patients to SCCs?

A

Xeroderma pigmentosum

37
Q

What is the prognosis for BCCs and SCCs?

A

Generally good

38
Q

What are the two main factors influencing SCC prognosis?

A

Thickness

Vascular/lymphatic involvement

39
Q

What are sites for SCCs associated with poor prognosis?

A

Scalp

Nose

Ears

40
Q

What structures can SCCs travel along to invade other tissues?

A

Nerve fibres

41
Q

What pressure receptor / mechanoreceptor cells can become malignant?

A

Merkel cell carcinoma

42
Q

Merkel cell carcinoma is the cutaneous equivalent of which lung cancer?

A

Small cell carcinoma

43
Q

Which T-cell lymphoma presents like eczema but doesn’t clear up with topical steroids?

A

Mycosis fungoides

Dermatology Week 3 2017/18 (8 decks)

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