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Computing > 5) Operating Systems > Flashcards

5) Operating Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is OS?

A

software that manages a computer system.
Suite of tools and is loaded by the bootstrap loader.
HARDWARE WILL NOT FUNCTION WITHOUT IT

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2
Q

1) Manages peripherals

A

Communicates with and sends data output to printer/monitor/other valid output device

Communicates with and receives data input to a keyboard/mouse/other valid input device

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3
Q

2) Manages printing using spooling

A

Data is stored on hard disc/in memory/stored in a queue
Document is printed when printer is free
Benefit of spooling - user can carry on working/log off whilst waiting for print

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4
Q

3) Manages memory (RAM)

A

Ensures that programs/data do not corrupt each other

Ensures that all programs and data including itself is stored in correct memory locations

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5
Q

4) Manages processes

A

Ensures that different processes can utilise the CPU and do not interfere with each other or crash

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6
Q

5) Manages backing store

A

Ensures that data is stored and can be retrieved correctly from any disk drive
Creates and maintains filing systems e.g. FAT or NTFS
Organise files in a hierarchical directory structure

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7
Q

6) Manages security

A

Allows creation and deletion of user accounts

Allows users to logon and change passwords

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8
Q

7) Provides a user interface

A 
Allows access to system settings
Allows users to have more than one window open
Provides command line interface
Provides users with errors
Allows customisation
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9
Q

What is FAT?

A

File Allocation Table

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10
Q

What is NTFS?

A

New Technology Files System

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11
Q

What is HCI?

A

Human computer interaction
Describes the communication between people and computer system
Interface is required

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12
Q

What is a GUI?

A 
Type of interface that allows users to interact with a computer system through icons
W indows
I cons
M enus
P ointers
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13
Q

Benefits of a GUI?

A 
Intuitive
Easy to navigate
Uses WIMP
Data between different software applications is easily exchanged
No complicated commands
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14
Q

Negatives of a GUI?

A

Requires a large amount of memory
Is relatively processor intensive
Computing experts find a GUI slower than a CLI
Guis take up a large amount of hard disk space

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15
Q

What is a Menu Driven Interface?

A

Type of interface that allows people to interact with the computer by presenting the user and allowing them to work through menus.

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16
Q

Benefits of a Menu Driven Interface?

A 
Intuitive
Easy to navigate
Ideal for beginners
Little processing power needed
No need to learn commands
17
Q

Negatives of a Menu Driven Interface?

A

Irritation if there are too many menus

Navigation can be a long process

18
Q

What is a Voice Driven Interface?

A

Used to issue commands to a computer system and enter data into it with your voice

19
Q

Benefits of a Voice Driven Interface?

A 
Speech input is much faster
No need to learn to type
More natural
Reduces typing mistakes
Multi-tasking
20
Q

Negatives of a Voice Driven Interface?

A

Speech impediment
Homophones
Background noise
Privacy

21
Q

What is a Command Line Interface?

A

Entirely text based interface that allows a user to communicate with a computer system by typing in commands.

22
Q

Benefits of a Command Line Interface?

A

Quicker to type commands
Little memory needed
Experts who have memorised commands find it quick to use

23
Q

Negatives of a Command Line Interface?

A

Very confusing for someone who has never used it
No error messages
No guessing instructions
Commands must be type precisely

24
Q

What is a Touch sensitive Interface?

A

Commands are issued or data is inputted by touching the screen with your finger or stylus.

25
Q

Benefits of a Touch sensitive Interface?

A

Very intuitive
Easier to use
No keyboard or mouse required
Easier hand-eye coordination than a mouse and keyboard

26
Q

Negatives of a Touch sensitive Interface?

A

Screen can easily be damaged
Dirty screens can be difficult to read
Must be within arms reach
Small icons

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