5. nutrition in pregnancy Flashcards
Which nutrient is crucial during the first three weeks of pregnancy? Why?
Folic acid.
A type of vitamin B. Required for DNA synthesis, amino acid metabolism and methylation of genes and proteins.
What happens if there is a deficiency in folic acid?
Could lead to neural tube defects such as spina bifida. and anencephaly.
Why is vitamin C supplementation recommended during pregnancy?
Because it helps with iron absorption.
Give 3 consequences of iron deficiency.
- Maternal anaemia.
- Low birth weight of babies.
- Iron deficiency anaemia in the first few months.
Which pathology may occurs in a foetus if there is a vitamin D deficiency in the mother?
Rickets.
Soft and weak bones.
Bowed legs (vargus).
Can cause pre-eclampsia in mothers as well.
Which vitamin in excess is teratogenic for the foetus?
Vitamin A.
Vitamin A is an essential vitamin. What does this mean?
Must be obtained through food.
Why should pregnant women not eat liver products?
The liver stores vitamin A in humans and animals. In excess it can be teratogenic for the foetus.
Why is alcohol dangerous during pregnancy?
Bc it can cross the placenta from the mum to the foetus.
It can cause a miscarriage in the first three months.
Can also cause still birth and very low birth weight.
Give some symptoms of foetal alcohol syndrome.
Small head, poor growth, movement and co-ordination problems, learning difficulties, mood attention of behavioural problems, hearing and vision problems. kidney, liver and heart problems.
Why is a high caffeine intake dangerous during pregnancy?
Miscarriage, low birth weight and increased risk of health problems later on in life.
Which infection is caused in pregnant women due to the presence of an infectious bacteria on soft cheese?
Listeriosis.
