5. NSAIDS Flashcards
What are the primary chemical mediators involved in inflammation?
- Prostaglandins
- Thromboxanes
- Leukotrienes
- Cytokines
What are the therapeutic actions of NSAIDs?
- Anti-inflammatory
- Analgesic
- Antipyretic
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of NSAIDs?
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)
Differentiate between COX-1 and COX-2.
- COX-1: Constitutive
- COX-2: Inducible
What are common adverse effects of NSAIDs?
- Gastric pain/bleeding/ulcers
- Na+ and H2O retention
- Hypersensitivity reactions
What is the unique characteristic of Aspirin compared to other NSAIDs?
Irreversible inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2
What is Reye’s Syndrome associated with?
Aspirin intake in children under 20 years with viral illness associated fever
What is the primary therapeutic action of Glucocorticoids?
- Immunosuppressant
- Anti-inflammatory
- Analgesic
- Antipyretic
What are the two main classes of corticosteroids?
- Glucocorticoids
- Mineralocorticoids
What are the adverse effects of long-term Glucocorticoid use?
- Adrenal suppression
- Increased risk of infection
- Growth inhibition
- Osteoporosis
Fill in the blank: NSAIDs are commonly used to treat _______.
Mild to moderate pain
What is the primary use of Acetaminophen?
Analgesic and antipyretic with weak anti-inflammatory activity
What are the therapeutic uses of mineralocorticoids?
Regulation of electrolytes and water balance
True or False: Celecoxib has a higher risk of myocardial infarction compared to other NSAIDs.
True
What is the role of Janus kinase inhibitors?
Immunosuppressant drug for autoimmune disorders
List the classes of additional immunosuppressant drugs.
- Janus kinase inhibitors
- Calcineurin inhibitors
- mTOR inhibitors
- IMDH inhibitors
- Biologics
- Monoclonal Antibodies
What are the adverse effects of mineralocorticoids?
- Hypertension
- Steroid induced diabetes mellitus
- Psychosis
- Poor sleep
What cytokines are increased during the fever mechanism?
- IL-1
- IL-6
- IL-12
- TNF
What are the primary therapeutic actions of corticosteroids?
- Immunosuppressant
- Anti-inflammatory
Fill in the blank: The anterior hypothalamus is involved in the _______ mechanism.
Fever
What is the potential effect of glucocorticoids on blood glucose levels?
Hyperglycemia
