5 Muscular System

Question 1

skeletal muscle

Answer 1

striated and voluntary, produces movement

Question 2

smooth muscle

Answer 2

non-striated and involuntary, it lines the GI tract, respiratory tract, blood vessels, urinary tract, and reproductive organs

Question 3

cardiac muscle

Answer 3

striated, involuntary muscle found only in the heart

Question 4

peristalsis

Answer 4

involuntary movement of smooth muscle that moves swallowed food through the stomach and intestines

Question 5

epicardium

Answer 5

outermost layer of the heart

Question 6

myocardium

Answer 6

the muscular middle layer of the heart that is responsible for the heart’s pumping action

Question 7

endocardium

Answer 7

inner lining of the heart

Question 8

tendons

Answer 8

connect muscle to bone

Question 9

origin

Answer 9

where a muscle begins, also the fixed part where it attaches to bone

Question 10

insertion

Answer 10

the movable point where a muscle attaches to bone

Question 11

elevation

Answer 11

upward movement of a limb or body part

Question 12

depression

Answer 12

downward movement of a limb or body part

Question 13

rotation

Answer 13

circular movement around an axis such as the shoulder joint

Question 14

circumduction

Answer 14

circular movement of a limb at the far end

Question 15

flexion

Answer 15

bending a joint, decreasing the angle between bones

Question 16

extension

Answer 16

straightening a limb at a joint, increasing the angle between bones

Question 17

pronation

Answer 17

turning the palm backward or downward

Question 18

supination

Answer 18

turning the palm upward or forward

Question 19

abduction

Answer 19

movement of a body part away from the midline

Question 20

adduction

Answer 20

movement of a body part toward the midline

Question 21

dorsiflexion

Answer 21

movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle

Question 22

plantar flexion

Answer 22

bending the toes and the foot downward

Question 23

electromyography

Answer 23

a diagnostic test that measures the electrical conductivity of muscle activity

Question 24

rotator cuff

Answer 24

group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint

Question 25

carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 25

inflammation of tendons in the wrist compress the median nerve causing pain and numbness

Question 26

epicondylitis

Answer 26

inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow, also called tennis elbow

Question 27

plantar fasciitis

Answer 27

microtears in the fascia on the bottom of the foot cause pain in the heel or arch

Question 28

shin splints

Answer 28

excessive stress from overtraining leads to a bone stress reaction that causes lower leg pain with activity

Question 29

PT/PTT

Answer 29

prothrombin time/partial prothrombin time (a test to evaluate blood clotting)

Question 30

INR

Answer 30

international ratio (a formula that goes with PT/PTT to evaluate the results)

Question 31

Ca

Answer 31

calcium

Question 32

CHL

Answer 32

cholesterol

Question 33

LDL

Answer 33

low density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol)

Question 34

HDL

Answer 34

high density lipoprotein (good cholesterol)