5) Impact of worklessness+ globalisation. Flashcards
Parker: 3 types of work- opposition.
-Physically hard and male-dominated.
-Eg builders, plumbers, lorry drivers.
-Leisure: trying to escape work.
-Watching TV, beer at the pub, footie, hanging with the boys.
Parker: 3 types of work- neutrality.
-Boring and routine with little job satisfaction.
-Cashier, office worker, receptionist.
-Leisure: little to do with work. Relaxing with family and friends.
-Going for dinner with family, holidays, watching TV.
Parker: 3 types of work- extension.
-High level of personal commitment and job satisfaction.
-Eg nursing, personal carers, teachers.
-Work is interesting+ demanding- leisure is work-related or an extension to further opportunities.
-Researching work, going out with coworkers.
Functionalism: how work shapes identity.
Work is an important function in shaping identity. Society is a meritocracy, so everyone has a chance if they work hard enough.
Counter: postmodernism- work no central to identity- consumerism.
Doherty’s end of work thesis.
Work is no longer central to people’s lives because of the degradation of skilled work- workers are more alienated than ever.
Covid’s impact on employment.
-Children missed out on education, so had a weaker market value.
-Poverty increased due to furlough and businesses shutting down.
-Self-employed people missed out on work.
The 3 Ts of globalisation.
Transport, technology, trade.
Effect of globalisation: fewer standard jobs.
-Standard jobs= full time, secure+ well payed. High level of training.
-Non-standard jobs= part time, insecure+ lower payed. Low level of training (Taylorism.)
-Globalisation created more non-standard jobs with a large number of employers. No guarantee hours and payed when needed.
-Edgell: non-standard employees suffer wage penalty. Do not qualify for in-work benefits.
Job satisfaction in job types.
-Standardised jobs: high job satisfaction. Get better pay, so have a better work-life balance and can see the outcome of their work. Less repetitive and have stability and responsible autonomy.
Effect of globalisation: outsourcing and unemployment.
-Outsourcing: labour happening in other countries eg car production in China, textiles in India. Globalisation= these products are sold all around the world.
-Threatens knowledge work: takes advantage of poorly payed foreign workers with high skills: companies make more profit from their labour+ avoid tax.
Postmodernism+ globalisation.
Way to adapt to a media saturated society- people are now driven by goods. More goods can be produced at a higher quantity and lower price, making them affordable. Domestic workers can not deal with the demand. End of work theory in the west: east do more manufacturing.
Immigration restrictions and Brexit on knowledge work.
There are less immigrant workers to contribute to knowledge work- may impact ethnic minority patients- less nurses understand their culture and language. Limits communication between domestic and foreign communities.
Covid and worklessness.
People got made redundant by companies shutting down, so had to accept lower-paying work to survive. This mostly impacted the working class, who were already at risk of falling into poverty. People may have to quit because of up-skilling: they had to maintain social distancing and cleaning as well as their original jobs.
Employment instability and life chances.
-Decrease in quality of nutrition+ housing.
-Improper socialisation of children due to long hours at work.
-Negatively impact social life because of changing jobs: no networking opportunities.
Marxism+ low-paying jobs.
The proletariat have no choice but to accept it. If they do not work for the bourgeoisie, they face starvation and homelessness. They know this and keep wages down to exploit them as long as possible.
