5 Homeostasis and responce - Endocrine System

Question 1

How does the endocrine system bring about a change in our internal environment?

Answer 1

Glands release hormones into bloodstream, which then travel to the target organ to produce an effect

Question 2

What are hormones?

Answer 2

Chemical Messenger Protein which has an effect on a target organ

Question 3

Name the ‘master gland’ that secretes a variety of hormones.

Answer 3

Pituitary gland

Question 4

Name the hormone that affects the amount of urine produced by the kidney.

Answer 4

ADH

Question 5

State one difference between the effects of hormones compared to the nervous system.

Answer 5

Hormonal effects are slower/last longer

Question 6

Name the hormone that decreases blood glucose level.

Answer 6

Insulin

Question 7

Name the hormone that increases blood glucose level.

Answer 7

Glucagon

Question 8

Name the organ the produces hormones to control blood glucose level.

Answer 8

Pancreas

Question 9

State an effect of insulin.

Answer 9

Increase glucose uptake by cells/More respiration/Convert glucose to glycogen to store in liver and muscles/Convert glucose to fat for storage

Question 10

State an effect of glucagon.

Answer 10

Convert glycogen to glucose/Make glucose from amino acids or fat

Question 11

What is glycogen?

Answer 11

Complex/Storage carbohydrate made up of glucose in liver and muscles

Question 12

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 12

Condition where pancreas does not make enough/any insulin

Question 13

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 13

Condition where body cells stop responding to insulin properly

Question 14

Name one symptom of diabetes.

Answer 14

Excess urine/Feeling thirsty/Lack energy/Lose weight/Fatigue

Question 15

Name a risk factor for type 2 diabetes.

Answer 15

Lack of exercise/Sugary diet/Obesity

Question 16

Name a treatment for type 1 diabetes but not type 2 diabetes.

Answer 16

Insulin injection

Question 17

Name a method to cure type 1 diabetes.

Answer 17

Pancreas or pancreatic cell transplant

Question 18

Name one treatment for type 2 diabetes.

Answer 18

Carbohydrate-controlled diet/Lose weight/Regular exercise

Question 19

Which organ produces thyroxine?

Answer 19

Thyroid gland

Question 20

What is the effect of thyroxine?

Answer 20

Controls metabolic rate

Question 21

Name the hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that controls the production of thyroxine?

Answer 21

TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)

Question 22

State one effect of adrenaline.

Answer 22

Increase heart rate/breathing rate/Increase glycogen conversion to glucose/Pupils dilate/Increase mental awareness/More blood flow to muscles

Question 23

Name the organ that secretes adrenaline.

Answer 23

Adrenal gland

Question 24

The level of adrenaline is controlled by a negative feedback system. True or false?

Answer 24

FALSE

Question 25

Under what sort of situation would adrenaline be released?

Answer 25

In reaction to fear or stress

Question 26

Name the main female reproductive hormone.

Answer 26

Oestrogen

Question 27

Name the process where a matured egg is released from the ovaries.

Answer 27

Ovulation

Question 28

Name the hormone that causes egg maturation in the ovaries.

Answer 28

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

Question 29

Name the hormone that stimulates ovulation.

Answer 29

LH (luteinising hormone)

Question 30

Name the hormone that stimulates the build-up of the uterus lining.

Answer 30

Oestrogen

Question 31

Name the hormone that maintains the uterus lining.

Answer 31

Progesterone

Question 32

Name the main male reproductive hormone.

Answer 32

Testosterone

Question 33

Which organ produces testosterone?

Answer 33

Testes

Question 34

State the average length of the menstrual cycle.

Answer 34

28 days

Question 35

Which two female hormones does the pituitary gland secretes during the menstrual cycle?

Answer 35

FSH and LH

Question 36

Which two female hormones does the ovaries release during the menstrual cycle?

Answer 36

Oestrogen and progesterone

Question 37

Which hormone stimulates the release of oestrogen?

Answer 37

FSH

Question 38

Which hormone inhibits the release of FSH?

Answer 38

Oestrogen

Question 39

Which hormone stimulates the release of LH?

Answer 39

Oestrogen

Question 40

Which hormone inhibits the release of both FSH and LH?

Answer 40

Progesterone

Question 41

Which hormone(s) are used as contraceptive pills?

Answer 41

Oestrogen and progesterone

Question 42

Name a chemical method of contraception.

Answer 42

Spermicides

Question 43

Name a barrier method of contraception.

Answer 43

Condom/Diaphragm

Question 44

Which two hormones are issued as fertility drug in IVF treatments?

Answer 44

FSH and LH

Question 45

Where does fertilisation occur in IVF treatment?

Answer 45

In a Petri dish