5. Energy And Life Flashcards
What is catabolism
Breaking down stuff to extract energy and nutrients
What is Anabolism
Process by energy and raw materials built material eg cell structures
What is a photo troph?
Use light energy (eg photosynthesis) like plants
What are chemotrophs ?
Energy from chemical reactions eg humans doing oxidation and reduction
What is a chemouautotrophs ( litrotroph) and why important?
Energy from chemical reactions , carbon from carbon dioxide
Basically rock eaters
How do humans get energy from electrons
Aerobic respiration from electron donor of glucose and electron acceptor of oxygen
Explain Electron chain transfer for energy
Electrons move through proteins to lower electron levels creating resovoir of protons on outside of membrane giving a higher concentration on outside so they move inside cell via osmosis. Because membrane is in permeable have to go through a diff route to make ATP which stores energy
Why do we need oxygen and glucose for chemiosmosis ?
Oxygen allows continued movement of electrons to prevent electron transfer clogging up
Glucose gives electrons
How can life transfer energy without oxygen & aerobic respiration?
Uses a different electron acceptor eg sulfate , produces less ATP so less energy
Allows life to live underground , other planets
What else can be use as electron donor instead of glucose?
Inorganic compound eg iron ammonia so rocks
This is what chemolithotrophs use
Don’t depend on existence of life for energy so exciting
How to work out energy? Gibs free energy what does it mean
Energy produced - energy reacted
Chemical reaction will happen spontaneously if gibs free energy is negative (exothermic)
