5 Electrolysis Flashcards
Electrolysis (split)
Electro -> Electricity -> Flow of electrons
Lysis -> Pertaining to(maybe referring to the ions and electrons)
Describe an electrolytic cell:
- A non-conducting vessel
2. Containing the electrolyte (Aq or Fused)
Electrolytic cell must have a conducting vessel.
True or False.
False.
Anode is connected to the ____ terminal.
Cathode is connected to the _____- terminal of the battery.
Positive. Negative.
Define electrolysis
- Decomposition of a chemical compound
- Aqeous or Fused State
- Passage of direct electric current
- Results in discharge of ions as neutral atoms in respective electrodes.
Electrolysis is a physical or chemical change?
It is also a ____ reaction.
Chemical Change. Redox.
Electrolytes are always _____.
But its examples are not always this.
Ionic Compounds
Idiotic
Define Electrolytes:
Chemical compounds which conduct electricity in fused or aq state, due to the flow of current through it.
Define non-electrolytes:
Chemical compounds which do not conduct electricity in the fused or aq state.
Do ont undergo chemical decomposition.
NOn-Electrolytes are always _____.
But its examples are not always this.
Covalent compounds
Particles in Electrolytes
Ions only, Ions and Molecule only
Particles in non-electrolytes
Molecules
Examples of electrolytes:
All strong + weak electrolytes.
Examples of non-electrolytes:
Non-polar covalent compounds and aq solution of non-polar covalent compounds
Strong electrolytes:
- Electrolytes that allow large amount of electricity to pass through it.
- Good conductors of electricity
- Almost completely dissociated.
Particles in strong electrolytes are ___-.
Particles in weak electrolytes are ___-.
Ions only.
Ions and Unionized molecules.
Examples of strong electrolytes
All strong acids and bases and salts of strong acids.
Examples of weak electrolytes
All weak acids and bases and salts of weak acids.
Electrolytic cell definition. (device)
Device -> Electrolysis carried out.
Electrodes.
Electrolytic solution.
Electrylitic cell is also called
Voltameter.
Why electrodes?
They allow the current to enter or leave the current?
Electrodes can be (material)
Metal or Carbon
When are graphite or Carbon electrodes used
When the products formed reacts with the metallic electrode.
Depending on the connection to the battery, they are classified as
Anode or Cathode
Anode gets ____ and Cathode gets ____.
Oxidised; Reduced;
What are ions?
Atoms which carry a positive or negativ charge and become free and mobile when electric current is passed through an aq soln. of the comp.
Ions can be
Anions and Cations
Postulates of Arrhenius:
- Electrolyte on dissolving -> Free cations and anions and allow the flow of electricity
- = degree of dissociation -> extent to which it breaks up into ions.
- But amount of electricity -> Conc. of ions in the sol.
- All ions are responsible for the flow of current.
- No. of positive ions = No. of Negative ions. => Solution is electrolytic equillibrium.
Passage of current causes cations and anions to
Migrate
Preferential discharge depends on
the position in the electrochemical series.
Electrons gained and lost in the respective electrodes are
Equal
Products are formed in the respective
Respective electrosed itself
Exchange of electrons takes place in
Surface of the electrodes.
Elements liberated in cathode?
Hydrogen and Metals -> Electropositive elements
Elements liberated in anode?
Non-Metals -> Electronegative elements.
What is electrolytic dissociation?
Process due to which an ionic compound (in L or Aq) ->
Dissociates in the passage of electric current through it.
There is an equillibrium only in the number of charged particles. True or False.
False. An equillibrium is also established in the ions produced and unionized molecules.
Electrolytic dissociation takes place in __.
Involves __.
Electrovalent compounds
Seperation of ions already present.
Ionization takes place in ____.
it involves ____.
Covalent compounds.
Formation of charged ions from the molecules which are not in the ionic state.
Mg -> Mg2+ +2e- is ionization.
Yes. It may also involve atoms changing into ions.
Solid NaCl IS
Non-electrolyte.
Which energy is gained by the NaCl to break the ionic bond?
Kinetic energy.
Polar covalent compounds are ____.
Non- electrolytes in gas state. Ionize in Aq state.
HCl/NH3 in liquid state is ___. HCl/NH3 (aq) is ______.
Non-electrolyte! Electrolyte.
All good conductors are electrolytes.
False. Ex: Cu.
Metals are good conductors in _____ and ____- state.
Solid and Molten.
Is there a transfer in matter in metallic conduction?
No. No transfer of matter.
Electrolysis was first explained by ______ in ______ and he belonged to ___.
Avante Arrhenius; 1887; Sweden;
Transfer of electrons in ___ is ___.
But the transfer of ions in ____ is
not a chemical reaction
a chemical reaction.
Copper metal doesnt undergo
Chemical decomposition
Strenghtness of the electrolytes on the basis of
Degree of dissociation.
Which type of acids ionized on dissolution in water?
Mineral.
Give the chemical formula of the following and also classify them as weak or strong electrolytes:
- Formic Acid
- Lead acetate
- C.COOH
2. (CH3COO)2Pb
Carbonates, Bicarbonates and Acetates are
Weak electrolytes.