3A. Acids, Bases and Salts Flashcards
Acids means
Sour
Bases includes
Metallic oxides and Hydroxides
How are salts formed?
Replacement of hydrogen ions of corresponding acids of metallic ions.
Define an acid? (Simple)
- When dissolved in water -> hydronium ion (H3O+)
2. That should be the only + ve ions.
Define a base? (Simple)
- Reacts with hydronium ions of acid.
2. Gives Salt and Water only.
Classify the following as Alkalis or Insoluble bases:
- ZnO
- PbO
- NaOH
- Ca(OH)2
- NH4(OH)
- Fe(OH)2
- CuO
- Cu(OH)2
5, 4, 2 -> Alkali
1, 6, 3, 7 and 9 -> Insoluble bases
5 Basis for classificaton
- Source of acids
- Molecular comparison of acids
- Basis of strength
- Basis of concentration
- Basis of acidity and basicity
Source of acids ->
- Organic’
2. Inorganic -> Aka Mineral acids
Molecular comparison ->
- Hydraciods -> Shouldnt have Oxygen
2. Oxyacids
Strength of Acids depends on
Concentration of Hydronium Ions present in aqueaous solution.
Strenght of Alkali depends on
Concentration of Hydroxyl Ions present in an aqueous solution.
Strong acids:
So No class Brings In H2SO4 HNO3 HCl Hbr HI HClO3 HClO4
Which contains solute molecules in addition to water molecules?
Strong alkali
Define a strong acids
Disasosciates almost completely in aq solution -> High conc. of H+ ions.
Define a strong Base
Disasosciates almost completely in aq solution -> High conc. of OH- ions.
Strong acids and bases contains _______.
Almost only ions.
Weak acids and bases contains ________.
Contains molecules and Ions.
Define weak acids
Disasosciates partially in aq solution -> Low conc. of H+ ions.
Define weak alkali
Disasosciates partially in aq solution -> Low conc. of OH- ions.
Concentration:
Concentratedd and Dilute
Concentration of more than 1 mol/litre
Concentrated
Concentration of less than 1 mol/litre
Dilute
Define Dilute/Concentrated acid/alkali
Relatively Low/high % of acid/alkali in aq solution.
different from strength
Basicity -> It is a whole number value.
No of H ions -> Produced in aq solution/molecule.
No of OH- ions -> With which one molecule of acids can combine.