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CE Geography at 13+ > 5. Economy (transport and industry) > Flashcards

5. Economy (transport and industry) Flashcards

1
Q

Brown field site

A

an old industrial or inner-city site that is cleared for a new building development

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2
Q

Business park

A

a development of offices and industrial units

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3
Q

Containerisation

A

to transport goods in standard-sized, sealed containers

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4
Q

Distribution

A

the spread of places, people, or data

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5
Q

Exploit

A

using natural resources for economic purposes, often involving the extraction or utilization of these resources.

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6
Q

Greenfield Site

A

an area of land that has not been developed previously.

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7
Q

Globalisation

A

the ways in which companies, ideas, and lifestyles spread round the world and interact with one another.

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8
Q

HIC

A

high-income country

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9
Q

HS2

A

High Speed 2

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10
Q

LIC

A

low-income country

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11
Q

MIC

A

middle-income country

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12
Q

Multinational

A

including or involving several countries or individuals of several nationalities

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13
Q

NIC

A

newly-industralized country

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14
Q

Primary Industry

A

the gathering or extracting
of raw materials e.g. farming, fishing, mining

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15
Q

Quaternary Industry

A

hi-tech research and
development industries e.g. R&D into new products
such as phones, computers and medicines.

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16
Q

Raw materials

A

mineral and agricultural resources

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17
Q

Science Park

A

a development of high-tech industries often close to a university

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18
Q

Secondary Industry

A

manufactures (or makes)
products from these raw materials e.g. food
processing, making clothes, furniture.

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19
Q

Tertiary Industry

A

provides a service e.g. nurse,
doctor, teacher, cashier

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20
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of travelling by Road

A

+The speed of delivery is
high.
+Door-to-door service.

-Emissions of noise pollution and toxic materials.
-Possible traffic delays.

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21
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of travelling by Rail

A

+Carrying capacity is high
+The rapid speed of
delivery.

-Timetables and routes
restricted
-Expensive cost for
constructing and
maintenance.

22
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of travelling by Water

A

+ It has a high carrying
capacity.
+ Cost-effective for heavy
and bulky goods.

-It uses a high time for
shipment
-The risk of accidents is high as the ship/boat could sink/ lose cargo.

23
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of travelling by Air

A

+It has high speed.
+There is no physical
barrier to this mode of
transportation.

-It is the costliest out of all other modes of transportation.
-It needs trained individuals
for a successful flight.

24
Q

Give an example of a Transport Route/Network

A

HS2, designed to improve rail journey in uk.

25
Q

Name 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages of HS2

A

List at least 3 on each side for:

26
Q

Name a port that declined due to containerisation

A

The London Docklands

27
Q

Does containerisation improve global trade?

A

Yes

28
Q

Why was The London Docklands shut down?

A

Because of containers; they could be unloaded
off ships further downstream and at new ports such as Felixstowe

29
Q

What are the 3 things that all industries operate systems on? (7)

A

input, processing and output (3)
(4)

30
Q

What are the factors that affect the location of an industry? Name 4

A

Any for of:
-Access/location of raw materials
-Access to energy supply
-Site- flat land, room to expand
-Labour- cost, skill level, quantity
-Proximity to market
-Transport routes
-Cost of land
-Capital (money to invest)
-Greenfield or brownfield site
-Government policies

31
Q

Name 4 different industries that considered the factors (of location) to decide where to locate their industry

A
  1. Dairy farming in Cornwall
  2. Brompton bikes in London
  3. Bluewater shopping centre in Kent
  4. Cambridge Science Park
32
Q

Show the development of industries over time in the UK

A
33
Q

What does The World Bank classify

A

a country’s level of development

34
Q

Low Income Countries (GNI)

A

countries with a GNI per capita of $1,045 or less, e.g. Chad and Ethiopia

35
Q

Middle Income Countries (GNI)

A

countries with a GNI per capita of more than $1,045 but less than $12,746,
e.g. Mexico and Iraq

36
Q

High Income Countries (GNI)

A

countries with a
GNI per capita above US$ 12,746, e.g. Germany and the USA

37
Q

Is the spread of multinational industries around the World a good or bad thing?

A

both

38
Q

What do terms such as Income per Person, Life expectancy, Health, Literacy, Housing and Economic growth evaluate?

A

the
standard of living and quality of life of the
population

39
Q

Income per Person

A

determines the
average per-person income for an area
(often called GNI per capita (Gross national
income per person)).

40
Q

Life Expectancy

A

estimate of the average
age that members of a particular
population group will be when they die.

41
Q

Health

A

Access to healthcare affects life
expectancy and quality of life.

42
Q

Literacy

A

The ability to read and write affects the
jobs available to people and also education
around issues like health.

43
Q

Housing

A

Access to a safe and healthy
home is an important factor when
considering quality of life.

44
Q

Economic growth

A

the increase in the
value of an economy’s goods and services,
which creates more profit for businesses

45
Q

What are the terms that evaluate the standard of living and quality of life of the population?

A

Income per Person,
Life expectancy,
Health,
Literacy,
Housing and
Economic growth

46
Q

What does this graph show

A

how employment patterns differ between countries

47
Q

What type of country has a high percentage of people in primary employment, and why?

A

Countries in the early stage of development, because most
people are engaged in agricultural activities.

48
Q

What happens the distribution of types of industries as a country begins to develop?

A

there is an increase in the secondary sector

49
Q

What does an increase in machinery on farms mean?

A

That fewer people are needed in the primary sector.

50
Q

Why do people tend to migrate to urban areas?

A

to get jobs in factories

51
Q

What happens when a country becomes more economically developed?

A

there is a greater
demand for services such as education, healthcare and tourism
increasing the tertiary sector.

CE Geography at 13+ (6 decks)

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