5. Conservation

Question 1

What is conservation ?

Answer 1

Protection and management of species and habitats in sustainable way.

It’s a dynamic process as conversation methods need to be adapted to the constant changes that occur in ecosystem

Question 2

What does successfully conservation take into account ?

Answer 2

Balance between natural and human environment to maintain sustainability of resources

Question 3

Example of conservation scheme

Answer 3

The Maasai Mara is a neat uo always reserve in Kenya - grassland / wildlife

They earn living raising livestock - not good as over grazing destroys grassland

Conservation trusts working with them to make money from their land thought conservation and ecotourism projects as well as farming

All is susta only

Question 4

Name 5 conservation. Methods ?

Answer 4

Management of succession

Seed banks

Captive breeding

Fishing quotas

Protected area

Question 5

What is management of succession ?

Answer 5

Human activities can interrupt process of succession

Conservation frequently involves preventing succession in order to presence ecosystems in current stage of succession

Question 6

Ways of managing succession to conserve moorland ecosystems

Answer 6

Animals graze area - similar to mowing as they eat growing points of shrubs/ trees which stops them from establishing themselves

Managed fires - the secondary succession will occur and the plant species that grown back first are the species that are being conserved. The larger plant species will take longer to grow back and will be removed again next time moor is burnt

Question 7

What is a seed bank ?

Answer 7

Store of seeds from lots of different plant species they act as a backup for the conservation of plant species in the wild - if plant species becomes extinct or is lost from particular habitat - stored seeds re introduce species.

Question 8

Advantages of seed banks

Answer 8

Conserve plant species.

Large amounts conserved in fairly small space as most seeds quite small.

Seeds can be stored anywhere in the world and for long periods of time as long as it’s cool/ dry

Question 9

Disadvantages of seed banks

Answer 9

Seeds have to be regularly tested to see if still viable - expensive and time consuming

Question 10

What is captive breeding ?

Answer 10

They involve breeding animals in controlled environments.

Endangered species or ones already extinct in wild can be bred in captivity to increase their numbers

Question 11

Disadvantages of captive breeding

Answer 11

Eg pandas have problems breeding outside their natural habitat

Reintroducing animals into wild can cause problems though like new diseases

Question 12

Advantages of capita education breeding

Answer 12

Animals bred in captivity can be reintroduced to wild

Increasing their number in wild which helps conserve their numbers

Question 13

what are fishing quotas

Answer 13

Are limits to the amount of Certian fish species that fisherman allowed to catch - conserve fish stocks by reducing numbers being killed

Stop fish extinction

Conflict between humans needing it for food and conservation needs

Question 14

Diadvanyhes of finish quotas

Answer 14

Limit fish merman’s potential income

Problem with “discards” - ships catching more fish than they are allowed throw back some fish which is already dead - so don’t exceed quota

Doesn’t contribute to conservation of fish 🐟

Question 15

What are protected areas ,

Answer 15

National parks
Nature reserves

Restrict urban development / industrial development / farming

Question 16

Disadvantages on protected areas

Answer 16

National parks used as tourist destinations - funded by tourist

So conflict between need to conserve habitat and the need to allow people to visit