5-C Flashcards
What is the primary function of the Transport layer in the TCP/IP protocol stack?
To identify each type of network application by assigning a port number between 0 and 65535.
What are the two main protocols that implement port assignment in the TCP/IP suite?
TCP and UDP.
What does TCP stand for?
Transmission Control Protocol.
What type of protocol is TCP?
Connection-oriented protocol.
What are the key functions of TCP?
- Establishes a connection using a handshake
- Assigns sequence numbers to packets
- Allows acknowledgment (ACK) of received packets
- Allows negative acknowledgment (NACK) for retransmissions
- Enables graceful session termination with a FIN handshake.
Which application protocols must use TCP due to their need for reliability?
- HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
- HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
- Secure Shell (SSH).
What does UDP stand for?
User Datagram Protocol.
What type of protocol is UDP?
Connectionless, non-guaranteed method of communication.
What are the characteristics of UDP?
- No sequencing
- No acknowledgments
- No guarantee of delivery or order.
What types of applications typically use UDP?
- Voice
- Video
- Applications that can tolerate missing or out-of-order packets.
What is the purpose of the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)?
To request IP configuration information from a server.
Why does DHCP use UDP instead of TCP?
It uses broadcast transmissions, which are not supported by TCP.
What is the purpose of the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)?
To obtain a configuration file for network devices.
What is the range of port numbers assigned to applications?
0 to 65535.
What is the purpose of port 80?
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for unsecure websites and web services.
What is the purpose of port 443?
HTTP Secure (HTTPS) for secure websites and services.
What protocol uses port 22 and what is its purpose?
Secure Shell (SSH) for secure command-line interface access.
True or False: At the Transport layer, connections between hosts to exchange application data are established over a single port number.
False.
What is the purpose of port 25?
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) for transferring email messages.
What protocol uses port 3389 and what is its purpose?
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) for secure connection to a graphical desktop.
What is the purpose of port 445?
Server Message Block (SMB) for file and printer sharing services.
