5-B Flashcards
What is the primary function of the TCP/IP suite?
To perform logical addressing and data forwarding functions on most networks.
What is a protocol?
A set of rules that allows networked hosts to communicate data in a structured format.
How many layers are in the TCP/IP model?
Four distinct layers.
What is the responsibility of the Link or Network Interface layer?
To put frames onto the physical network.
What does the Internet Protocol (IP) provide?
Packet addressing and routing within a network of networks.
What is an ‘end system host’?
A PC, laptop, mobile device, or server that can communicate on an IP network.
What is the function of the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)?
To allow a host to query which MAC address is associated with an IP address.
What does the Transport layer manage?
How each host manages multiple connections for different application layer protocols.
What does Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) guarantee?
Connection-oriented forwarding of packets.
What is User Datagram Protocol (UDP) known for?
Providing unreliable, connectionless forwarding.
What types of services does the Application layer operate?
Web and email services.
Who originally developed TCP/IP?
The US Department of Defense.
What is the role of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)?
To implement developments and publish standards as Request For Comments (RFCs).
What is the length of an IPv4 address?
32 bits long.
What notation is used to represent IPv4 addresses for ease of use?
Dotted decimal notation.
What is the range of a valid IPv4 address?
0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255.
What are the two components of an IPv4 address?
- Network ID
- Host ID
What does a subnet mask do?
Masks the host ID portion to reveal the network ID portion.
What is slash notation?
A way to refer to network IDs, such as /24.
What mechanism allows hosts with private addresses to access the Internet?
Network Address Translation (NAT) or a proxy server.
What are the three private address ranges defined by RFC 1918?
- 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
- 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
- 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
What is the default subnet mask for Class A addresses?
255.0.0.0
What is DHCP?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, which assigns IP configuration automatically.
What is Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)?
A failover mechanism that assigns addresses from 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254.
What is the purpose of the default gateway parameter?
To specify the IP address of a router for forwarding packets to remote networks.
What addresses cannot be assigned to hosts in an IP network?
The first and last addresses in the network range.
What is the primary use of DNS servers?
To resolve host and domain names to their IP addresses.
What does a SOHO router typically require for configuration?
An IP address and subnet mask for both public and private interfaces.
What must a SOHO router’s public interface IP address be determined by?
The ISP
What is the address used by hosts as the default gateway parameter on a SOHO router?
The LAN interface IP address
Fill in the blank: A router’s public interface IP address must be from a valid _______.
public range
What are the private IPv4 address ranges?
- 10.x.y.z
- 172.16-32.x.y
- 192.168.0-255.x
What is the purpose of the DHCP server in a SOHO router?
To allocate a valid IP address to connected devices
What is the default management URL for many routers?
http://192.168.0.1 or http://www.routerlogin.com
True or False: The management software will prompt you to choose a new administrator password.
True
What does IPv6 address represent in terms of bit size?
128-bit number
Fill in the blank: An IPv6 address is expressed in _______ notation.
hexadecimal
How many double-byte (16-bit) values are in an IPv6 address?
Eight
What is the notation for a shortened IPv6 address?
Use of double colon for contiguous zeroes and ignoring leading zeros
What are the two main parts of an IPv6 address?
- Network ID (first 64 bits)
- Interface ID (last 64 bits)
What does the /nn notation in IPv6 represent?
Length of the routing prefix in bits
What is a global IPv6 address?
An address unique on the Internet, starting with 2 or 3
What is a link-local IPv6 address?
An address used on the local segment, starting with fe80::
What is SLAAC in the context of IPv6?
StateLess Address Auto Configuration
What is the purpose of Neighbor Discovery (ND) in IPv6?
To discover routers and perform address querying functions
What is meant by ‘dual stack’ in networking?
Operating both IPv4 and IPv6 simultaneously
What subnet mask corresponds to the IP network 172.16.1.0/16?
255.255.0.0
What type of value is expected in the default gateway field for static IPv4 addressing?
A valid IPv4 address within the network
Which of the following must be a WAN interface address for a SOHO router?
* 52.165.16.254
* 192.168.100.52
* 169.254.1.121
* 172.30.100.32
* 224.100.100.1
52.165.16.254
True or False: A SOHO router can be configured to provide IPv4 address configuration to hosts without further administrator attention.
True
True or False: A valid IPv6 configuration does not require a subnet mask.
True
