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Esthiology > 5 and 8.2 > Flashcards

5 and 8.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Osteology

A

Study of bones

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2
Q

3 types of bones

A

Long
Flat
Irregular

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3
Q

Skeletal system

A

Provides strength and support, framework for body

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4
Q

Muscles

A

Produce movement, contract when stimulated by nervous system

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5
Q

Myology

A

Study of structure, function, and diseases of muscles

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6
Q

Muscular functions

A

Movement
Attachment
Protection
Shape

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7
Q

3 types of muscle tissue

A

Striated
Non-striated
Cardiac

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8
Q

Origin

A

Fixed portion, attached to bones and fixed muscle

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9
Q

Belly

A

Midsection, between two attached sections

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10
Q

Insertion

A

Portion of muscle joined to movable attachments - bones, movable muscles, skin

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11
Q

Tendons

A

Bands of fibrous tissue that attach the muscle to the bones, allowing bones to move

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12
Q

Ligaments

A

Dense strong bands of fibrous tissue that connects bones to each other

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13
Q

Scalp and face muscles

A

Muscles affected by massage are manipulated from insertion attachment to origin attachment
Light facial massage should follow muscle line

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14
Q

Epicranius

A

Broad muscle that covers the scalp, formed by two muscles joined by aponeurosis tendon

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15
Q

Plasma

A

Fluid part, carries RBC, WBC, and platelets, 90% water

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16
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood away from heart, branching vessels, pure blood

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17
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood from capillaries to heart, impure blood

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18
Q

Capillaries

A

Take nutrients and oxygen from arteries to cells, take waste from cells to veins

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19
Q

Lymph

A

Colorless, nourishes parts not reached by blood

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20
Q

Lymph nodes

A

Glands that filter out toxins, over 100 in body, swollen means infected

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21
Q

Neurology

A

Study of nervous system, coordinates and controls body operation

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22
Q

Cerebrum

A

Mental activity, upper front of cranium

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23
Q

Cerebellum

A

Muscle movement, occipital area below cerebrum

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24
Q

Pons

A

Connects other parts of brain to spinal column, below cerebrum and in front of cerebellum

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25
Medulla oblongata
Connects other parts of brain to spinal column, below pons
26
Brain subsystems
Central Peripheral Autonomic
27
Central nervous system
Brain, spinal cord, spinal and cranial nerves, voluntary and involuntary actions
28
Peripheral nervous system
Sensory and motor nerves from brain and spinal cord to voluntary music and surface of skin, carries sensory information to brain Sympathetic and parasympathetic
29
Homeostasis
State of balance
30
Dendrites
Receive messages
31
Synapses
Nerve impulses pass
32
Pharynx
Passage to stomach or lungs
33
Esophagus
Passage between pharynx and stomach
34
Larynx
Vocal cords, connects pharynx to trachea
35
Trachea
Pathway for air flow
36
Bronchi
Deliver air to lungs
37
Endocrine system
Regulates and controls growth, reproduction and health Manufactures hormones Affects hair growth, skin conditions, and energy levels
38
Cholasma
Hyperpigmentation around mouth, forehead, and cheeks
39
Anatomy
Study of organs and body systems
40
Gross anatomy
Study of visible structures
41
Physiology
Study of structure and functions of organs and systems
42
Histology
Study of microscopic structures
43
Cytoplasm
Production department, site of most chemical activities, where organelles store nutrients
44
Cell membrane
Outer surface and enclosing structure
45
Metabolism
Chemical process where cells receive nutrients for growth and reproduction
46
Anabolism
Building up larger molecules from smaller ones
47
Catabolism
Breaking down of larger molecules into smaller ones
48
Skin cell formation
Formation of new cells and the rate they move to the surface and are sloughed off
49
Skin absorption
Thicker corneum, more sebum, more moisture, larger molecules, higher temperature =slower rate Larger pores = faster rate
50
Ways products are absorbed
Hair follicles, intercellular cement, pores, sebaceous and sudoriferous
51
Atopic dermatitis
Inflammation rash - dry, sensitive, irritated skin | Can progress throughout lifetime, excess inflammation in skin, linings in nose, or in lungs
52
Dermatitis
Inflammatory condition - red, pain, heat, swelling, and irritation from outside elements (a generic term)
53
Psoriasis
Inherited condition that produces excess of thick, scaly, silvery patches surrounded by red area, not curable
54
Eczema
Dry or moist lesions, eruptions of small vesicles and watery discharge, and may be chronic Shouldn't perform treatments on clients with active conditions
55
Vesicle
Fluid filled elevation caused by localized accumulation of fluids and blood below the epidermis - blister
56
Nodule
Solid mass within skin, can be soft or hard, fixed or freely moving
57
Cyst
Abnormal membranous sac containing a gaseous, liquid, or semi solid
58
Ulcer
Open lesion on skin that may result on partial loss of the dermis and may have pus, no skin care service allowed
59
Herpes simplex
Contagious viral infection, eruptive blister-like cluster on musics membranes on skin around the mouth, nose, and genital area. Simplex 1= cold sore Simplex 2= genital herpes
60
Herpes zoster
Caused by varicella-zoster virus, clients who don't have complete immunity to chickenpox in childhood are more susceptible, lesions are contagious
61
Impetigo
Contagious bacterial infection caused by staphylococci Aureus or Streptococci A organism, produces yellow crusted lesion on face, scalp, or neck Transmitted by improperly disinfected tools
62
Tinea
Ringworm, contagious fungal disease characterized by red circular patch of blisters caused by fungal vegetable parasite No services until physician treats it
63
Tinea corporis
Fungal infection affecting trunk, arms or legs, pink or red rash and itching
64
Tinea versicolor
Tri-color yeast infection, non contagious, produces hypopigmented areas on neck, chest, back, arms
65
Candida albicans
Caused by yeast and fungus Red, well-demarcated patches with a white film around them Under breast, arms, groin, inside mouth, and vaginal area
66
Asteatosis
Dry scaly skin caused by reduced sebum production, also occurs as tissue ages
67
Seborrhea
Caused by excess secretion of sebaceous glands, associated with oily skin
68
Steatoma
Harmless sebaceous cyst filled with sebum, considered a tumor of the sebaceous gland. On scalp, neck, and back and range from pea sized to orange sized
69
Furuncle
Boil, painful infection that appears as a firm nodule with a central hard, pus-filled core. Involves one hair follicle
70
Carbuncle
Group of boils, very painful, acute bacterial infection, inflammation. Involves several hair follicles and adjacent subcutaneous tissue, larger than boils and a tendency to spread
71
Rosacea
Chronic inflammatory condition, small capillaries are dilated and inflamed. Red, acne type pustules and papules. Common for those around 35, more prevalent in fair skin and women
72
Rhinophyma
More severe form of rosacea, causes more tissue to swell and enlarge
73
Nodular cystic acne
Inflammatory hard lesions deeper in skin, at the point where hair follicle is plugged
74
Basal cell carcinomas
Common lesions that look translucent, have irregular borders and tiny blood vessels
75
Squamous cell carcinoma
Irregular, crusted red papule that occurs in sun exposed area and could be actinic keratosis that’s untreated
76
Melanoma
Most dangerous skin growth, evolves from flat or raised pigmented lesions on body
77
Guidelines for skin growths
Asymmetry Border Color Diameter
78
Leukoderma
Lacks pigmentation because of decrease in melanocyte activity
79
Nevus
Birthmark, stain like, flat and reddish purple mark
80
Lentigo
Freckle, multiplies due to sun exposure
81
Melasma or chloasma
Common in pregnant women, hyperpigmentation, causing flat and light-to-dark patches on face
82
Keratosis
Skin cell buildup on epidermis
83
Pruritus
Inflammation, cause severe itching
84
Systemic disease
Active throughout body system

Esthiology (4 decks)

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