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Esthiology > 5 and 8.2 > Flashcards

5 and 8.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Osteology

A

Study of bones

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2
Q

3 types of bones

A

Long
Flat
Irregular

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3
Q

Skeletal system

A

Provides strength and support, framework for body

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4
Q

Muscles

A

Produce movement, contract when stimulated by nervous system

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5
Q

Myology

A

Study of structure, function, and diseases of muscles

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6
Q

Muscular functions

A

Movement
Attachment
Protection
Shape

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7
Q

3 types of muscle tissue

A

Striated
Non-striated
Cardiac

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8
Q

Origin

A

Fixed portion, attached to bones and fixed muscle

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9
Q

Belly

A

Midsection, between two attached sections

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10
Q

Insertion

A

Portion of muscle joined to movable attachments - bones, movable muscles, skin

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11
Q

Tendons

A

Bands of fibrous tissue that attach the muscle to the bones, allowing bones to move

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12
Q

Ligaments

A

Dense strong bands of fibrous tissue that connects bones to each other

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13
Q

Scalp and face muscles

A

Muscles affected by massage are manipulated from insertion attachment to origin attachment
Light facial massage should follow muscle line

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14
Q

Epicranius

A

Broad muscle that covers the scalp, formed by two muscles joined by aponeurosis tendon

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15
Q

Plasma

A

Fluid part, carries RBC, WBC, and platelets, 90% water

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16
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood away from heart, branching vessels, pure blood

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17
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood from capillaries to heart, impure blood

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18
Q

Capillaries

A

Take nutrients and oxygen from arteries to cells, take waste from cells to veins

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19
Q

Lymph

A

Colorless, nourishes parts not reached by blood

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20
Q

Lymph nodes

A

Glands that filter out toxins, over 100 in body, swollen means infected

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21
Q

Neurology

A

Study of nervous system, coordinates and controls body operation

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22
Q

Cerebrum

A

Mental activity, upper front of cranium

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23
Q

Cerebellum

A

Muscle movement, occipital area below cerebrum

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24
Q

Pons

A

Connects other parts of brain to spinal column, below cerebrum and in front of cerebellum

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25
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Connects other parts of brain to spinal column, below pons

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26
Q

Brain subsystems

A

Central
Peripheral
Autonomic

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27
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain, spinal cord, spinal and cranial nerves, voluntary and involuntary actions

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28
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Sensory and motor nerves from brain and spinal cord to voluntary music and surface of skin, carries sensory information to brain
Sympathetic and parasympathetic

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29
Q

Homeostasis

A

State of balance

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30
Q

Dendrites

A

Receive messages

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31
Q

Synapses

A

Nerve impulses pass

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32
Q

Pharynx

A

Passage to stomach or lungs

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33
Q

Esophagus

A

Passage between pharynx and stomach

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34
Q

Larynx

A

Vocal cords, connects pharynx to trachea

35
Q

Trachea

A

Pathway for air flow

36
Q

Bronchi

A

Deliver air to lungs

37
Q

Endocrine system

A

Regulates and controls growth, reproduction and health
Manufactures hormones
Affects hair growth, skin conditions, and energy levels

38
Q

Cholasma

A

Hyperpigmentation around mouth, forehead, and cheeks

39
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of organs and body systems

40
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Study of visible structures

41
Q

Physiology

A

Study of structure and functions of organs and systems

42
Q

Histology

A

Study of microscopic structures

43
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Production department, site of most chemical activities, where organelles store nutrients

44
Q

Cell membrane

A

Outer surface and enclosing structure

45
Q

Metabolism

A

Chemical process where cells receive nutrients for growth and reproduction

46
Q

Anabolism

A

Building up larger molecules from smaller ones

47
Q

Catabolism

A

Breaking down of larger molecules into smaller ones

48
Q

Skin cell formation

A

Formation of new cells and the rate they move to the surface and are sloughed off

49
Q

Skin absorption

A

Thicker corneum, more sebum, more moisture, larger molecules, higher temperature =slower rate

Larger pores = faster rate

50
Q

Ways products are absorbed

A

Hair follicles, intercellular cement, pores, sebaceous and sudoriferous

51
Q

Atopic dermatitis

A

Inflammation rash - dry, sensitive, irritated skin

Can progress throughout lifetime, excess inflammation in skin, linings in nose, or in lungs

52
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflammatory condition - red, pain, heat, swelling, and irritation from outside elements (a generic term)

53
Q

Psoriasis

A

Inherited condition that produces excess of thick, scaly, silvery patches surrounded by red area, not curable

54
Q

Eczema

A

Dry or moist lesions, eruptions of small vesicles and watery discharge, and may be chronic
Shouldn’t perform treatments on clients with active conditions

55
Q

Vesicle

A

Fluid filled elevation caused by localized accumulation of fluids and blood below the epidermis - blister

56
Q

Nodule

A

Solid mass within skin, can be soft or hard, fixed or freely moving

57
Q

Cyst

A

Abnormal membranous sac containing a gaseous, liquid, or semi solid

58
Q

Ulcer

A

Open lesion on skin that may result on partial loss of the dermis and may have pus, no skin care service allowed

59
Q

Herpes simplex

A

Contagious viral infection, eruptive blister-like cluster on musics membranes on skin around the mouth, nose, and genital area.
Simplex 1= cold sore
Simplex 2= genital herpes

60
Q

Herpes zoster

A

Caused by varicella-zoster virus, clients who don’t have complete immunity to chickenpox in childhood are more susceptible, lesions are contagious

61
Q

Impetigo

A

Contagious bacterial infection caused by staphylococci Aureus or Streptococci A organism, produces yellow crusted lesion on face, scalp, or neck
Transmitted by improperly disinfected tools

62
Q

Tinea

A

Ringworm, contagious fungal disease characterized by red circular patch of blisters caused by fungal vegetable parasite
No services until physician treats it

63
Q

Tinea corporis

A

Fungal infection affecting trunk, arms or legs, pink or red rash and itching

64
Q

Tinea versicolor

A

Tri-color yeast infection, non contagious, produces hypopigmented areas on neck, chest, back, arms

65
Q

Candida albicans

A

Caused by yeast and fungus
Red, well-demarcated patches with a white film around them
Under breast, arms, groin, inside mouth, and vaginal area

66
Q

Asteatosis

A

Dry scaly skin caused by reduced sebum production, also occurs as tissue ages

67
Q

Seborrhea

A

Caused by excess secretion of sebaceous glands, associated with oily skin

68
Q

Steatoma

A

Harmless sebaceous cyst filled with sebum, considered a tumor of the sebaceous gland. On scalp, neck, and back and range from pea sized to orange sized

69
Q

Furuncle

A

Boil, painful infection that appears as a firm nodule with a central hard, pus-filled core. Involves one hair follicle

70
Q

Carbuncle

A

Group of boils, very painful, acute bacterial infection, inflammation. Involves several hair follicles and adjacent subcutaneous tissue, larger than boils and a tendency to spread

71
Q

Rosacea

A

Chronic inflammatory condition, small capillaries are dilated and inflamed. Red, acne type pustules and papules. Common for those around 35, more prevalent in fair skin and women

72
Q

Rhinophyma

A

More severe form of rosacea, causes more tissue to swell and enlarge

73
Q

Nodular cystic acne

A

Inflammatory hard lesions deeper in skin, at the point where hair follicle is plugged

74
Q

Basal cell carcinomas

A

Common lesions that look translucent, have irregular borders and tiny blood vessels

75
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Irregular, crusted red papule that occurs in sun exposed area and could be actinic keratosis that’s untreated

76
Q

Melanoma

A

Most dangerous skin growth, evolves from flat or raised pigmented lesions on body

77
Q

Guidelines for skin growths

A

Asymmetry
Border
Color
Diameter

78
Q

Leukoderma

A

Lacks pigmentation because of decrease in melanocyte activity

79
Q

Nevus

A

Birthmark, stain like, flat and reddish purple mark

80
Q

Lentigo

A

Freckle, multiplies due to sun exposure

81
Q

Melasma or chloasma

A

Common in pregnant women, hyperpigmentation, causing flat and light-to-dark patches on face

82
Q

Keratosis

A

Skin cell buildup on epidermis

83
Q

Pruritus

A

Inflammation, cause severe itching

84
Q

Systemic disease

A

Active throughout body system

Esthiology (4 decks)

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