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Esthiology > 4 and 8.1 > Flashcards

4 and 8.1 Flashcards

Study of small living organisms

1
Q

Pathogenic bacteria

A

Causes infection and disease

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2
Q

Nonpathogenic bacteria

A

Don’t produce disease, beneficial, 70% of

of all bacteria

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3
Q

Cocci

A

Round and appear in groups or singularly

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4
Q

Staphylococci

A

Bunches and found in boils and pus forming

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5
Q

Streptococci

A

Long chains and cause strep throat and pus forming

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6
Q

Diplococci

A

Pairs and cause pneumonia

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7
Q

Bacilli

A

Rods and are the most common form of bacterial cells

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8
Q

Spirilla

A

Spirals and are highly contagious

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9
Q

Cause of infection

A

Bacteria cause infections by invading the body through a break in the skin or natural openings. Infection occurs when not enough antibodies are produced to fight harmful bacteria

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10
Q

Active stage

A

Reproduce and grow rapidly
Need dark, damp and dirty place with food
Mitosis

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11
Q

Inactive stage

A

Spore forming, no growth in unfavorable conditions. Spores aren’t harmed by disinfectants, cold or heat

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12
Q

Movement of bacteria

A

Travel easily through water or air because of tiny size and use flagella to propel themselves

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13
Q

Virus

A

Much smaller than bacteria, replicate themselves only in cells of living hosts. Cure is to wait it out

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14
Q

HBV

A

Infects the liver, inflammatory, and vaccine preventable

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15
Q

AIDS

A

Caused by HIV, interferes with body’s natural immune system, spread by body fluids entering bloodstream of infected individual

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16
Q

External parasites

A

Organisms that live on or obtain nutrients from a host, plants and fungi. Infection can spread if esthetician reuses implements used in infected area.

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17
Q

Infection

A

Pathogenic bacteria and viruses enter body and multiply, can be contagious

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18
Q

Blood borne pathogen

A

Disease causing bacteria or viruses carried through blood or body fluids

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19
Q

Local infection

A

Small confined area

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20
Q

General infection

A

All parts of the body

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21
Q

Aysymptomatic carrier

A

Person carrying pathogenic bacteria or virus with no recognizable symptoms

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22
Q

Natural immunity

A

Partially inherited, natural resistance to disease

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23
Q

Passive immunity

A

Occurs through vaccines or injection of antigens

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24
Q

General practices

A

Prevent spread of disease and kill certain or all microbes, prevention practiced at three levels

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25
Q

Glove regulations

A

Must be worn for waxing or extractions

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26
Q

Efficacy

A

Effectiveness

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27
Q

Ventilation

A

Prevents stale, musty odors, and chemical smells, 70 degrees

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28
Q

Disinfection

A

Doesn’t eliminate bacterial spores, regulated by law, for tools and implements with exposure to blood, second level of infection control

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29
Q

OSHA

A

Occupation Safety and Health Administration

Enforces safety and health standards in the workplace

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30
Q

MSDS

A

Material Safety Data Sheets
Key information on specific product regarding ingredients, associated hazards, combustion levels, and storage requirements

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31
Q

EPA

A

Environmental Protection Agency
Approves efficacy of products used for infection control
EPA registered number ensures product is safe and effective

32
Q

Blood spill procedure

A

Stop service and wash hands
Put on gloves
Cover injury
Don’t let anything touch the skin or wound
Disinfect station with broad spectrum disinfectant
Double bag all contaminated articles and discard

33
Q

Sterilization

A

Kills all microbes
Required for implements used in invasive procedures
Highest level of infection control

34
Q

UV light sterilizer

A

Utilizes UV light to kill bacteria

35
Q

Autoclave

A

Pressurized steam heated vessel that sterilizes objects

36
Q

Chemiclave

A

Machine that sterilizes surgical instruments with high pressure, and high temperature water/alcohol/formaldehyde vapor

37
Q

Sanitation items

A 
Countertops
Sinks
Floors
Toilets
Towels
Linens
Hands before service 
Yours and client's hands and feet
38
Q

Disinfection items

A

Tools and implements that haven’t come into contact with blood or body fluid

Tools and implements that have come into contact with blood or body fluid

39
Q

Sterilization items

A

Tools used to puncture or invade skin

40
Q

Bleeding and wounds

A 
Cover and apply pressure for 5 minutes 
Elevate above heart
Bandage after bleeding stops
Wear gloves
Call 911
41
Q

Chemical burns

A 
Remove product with damp cotton
Move clothing away from burn
Apply cool compress
Cover with clean dry cloth
Call 911 if needed
42
Q

Heat burns

A

Apply cool compress if skin is unbroken
Bandage with clean dry cloth
Don’t break blisters and no ointments or creams

43
Q

Electrical burns

A

Don’t clean wound, and cover loosely

Call 911

44
Q

Choking

A

Determine if they can speak or cough
Let them cough it out if able
Perform Heimlich and call 911

45
Q

Fainting

A

Lay on back to allow fresh air
Apply cool compress to face
Roll onto side if they vomit
If they don’t regain consciousness immediately, call 911 and go with them

46
Q

Eye injury

A

Cover both eyes with bandage
Don’t try to remove object
Go to ER

47
Q

Eye chemical injury

A

Flush with water for 15-30 minutes
Place gauze over eyes and secure
Go to ER

48
Q

Skin physiology

A

Study of skin’s functions

49
Q

Skin histology

A

Microscopic study of skin’s tissues

50
Q

Integumentary system

A

Skin and it’s layers

51
Q

Dermatology

A

Study of skin, its structure , functions, disease, and treatment

52
Q

Functions of Skin

A 
Secretion
Heat Regulation 
Absorption 
Protection
Excretion
Sensation
53
Q

Keratin

A

Protein

54
Q

Hard keratin

A

Fingernails and hair

55
Q

Soft keratin

A

Skin

56
Q

Skin layers

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous

57
Q

Epidermis

A

Protective layer, no blood vessels, composed of keratinocytes and epithelial cells

58
Q

Stratum corneum

A

Top and toughest layer
Spiny layer
Protects all lower layers

59
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

Transparent layer
Thickest on palms and soles
Forms epidermal ridges

60
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

Grainy layers
Where cells start to die
Forms keratin
Main function of protection

61
Q

Stratum spinosum

A

Has desmosomes which provide strength and support between cells
Appear as spines, 8-10 layers

62
Q

Stratum germativum

A

Basal layer
Contains melanocytes- skin color
Merkel cells- touch receptors only found in thick skin

63
Q

Dermis

A

True skin or second skin

64
Q

Dermis components

A

Fibroblast cells- fiber formation
Elastin- stretch and elasticity of skin
Collagen- strengthens and gives structure to skin, 70%

65
Q

Mast cells

A

Release histamines for allergies

66
Q

Papillary dermis

A

Underneath dermis, rich in blood vessels and capillaries, has receptors

67
Q

Reticular dermis

A

Lowest layer, has collagen and elastin fibers, has fewer blood vessels, and sweat glands

68
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Release hormones into blood

69
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Release secretions into ducts, deposit secretions on the skin’s surface

70
Q

Types of duct sweat glands

A

Aprocrine and eccrine

71
Q

Acid mantle

A

Layer of oil and moisture, pH is 4.5-5.5, located in epidermis

72
Q

Adipose

A

In subcutaneous

73
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Located in epidermis

74
Q

Connective tissue

A

Located in dermis

75
Q

Types of tissue

A 
Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nerve
Liquid

Esthiology (4 decks)

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