中間テスト 第5課と第6課の読み物 Flashcards

1
Q

Japanese high schoolers must pass an entrance examination in order to enter university.

A

日本の高校生は、大学に入るために入学試験にパスしなければならない。

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2
Q

For that reason, students who want to enter a famous university study with utmost effort.

A

そのため、有名な大学に入りたい学生は一生けんめい勉強する。

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3
Q

This is because if you enter a famous university, it will be easier to get a job at a first-rate company, etc.

A

有名な大学に入れば、将来一流の会社などにしゅうしょくしやすいからである。

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4
Q

At a Japanese high school, third-year students are the highest up; (the number of) students who quit club activities and only study when they become a third year student is increasing.

A

日本の高校では、三年生が一番上だが、三年生になると、部活動をやめて勉強ばかりする生徒が増える。

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5
Q

Going to school every day is natural, but even when classes end, they– without returning home right away– go and study at places like cram school and/or schools designed to prepare students for college entrance exams.

A

毎日学校へ行くのはもちろんだが、授業が終わっても、すぐには家に帰らず、塾や予備校へ行って勉強する。

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6
Q

The scenario in which they pass the entrance exam and were able to enter their prospective university is good, but students who fail the exam, either enter an easier university or spend a year after graduating to preparing for next year’s exam.

A

入学試験にパスし、希望の大学に入れた場合はいいが、試験に落ちた生徒は、もっとやさしい大学に入るか、卒業後一年間浪人する。

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7
Q

In other words, for a year, they wait for the next year’s entrance exam while studying at a school designed to prepare students for college entrance exams, or some place like that.

A

つまり、一年間予備校などで勉強しながら、次の年の入学試験を待つのである。

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8
Q

However, this tendency is recently beginning to change, a bit.

A

しかし、この傾向は最近少し変わってきている。

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9
Q

Certainly, there are high school students who study in this way, but it seems that the number of high school students who think that studying isn’t important is increasing.

A

確かにこのように勉強する高校生もいるが、勉強が大切ではないと考える高校生も増えているようだ。

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10
Q

According to a survey in 2005, even though 74% of American high schoolers believe that “improving grades” is important, Japanese high schoolers who think that was 33%.

A

二〇〇五年のある調査によると、アメリカの高校生の七四パーセントが「成績がよくなること」が大切だと考えているのに、そう考えている日本の高校生は三三パーセントだった。

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11
Q

Furthermore, despite the fact that the majority (83%) of American high schoolers want to become “students who can study well,” in Japan, high schoolers who replied that they want to become “students who are liked by everyone in the class” was the most frequent, at 48.4%.

A

そして、アメリカの高校生の多く(八三パーセント)が「勉強がよくできる生徒」になりたいと考えているのに、日本では「クラスのみんなに好かれる生徒」になりたいと答えた高校生が、四八・四パーセントで一番多かった。

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12
Q

I think that there are many reasons for this, but recently, Japan has had a declining birth rate and the number of children is becoming smaller, so entering university might be getting easier than before.

A

この理由はいろいろあると思うが、最近日本は少子化で子供の数が少なくなっていて、大学も前より入りやすくなっているのかもしれない。

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13
Q

Alternatively, it might be that the feelings that “even if you study, you won’t necessarily have a good future” are getting stronger.

A

また、勉強しても必ずしもいい将来があるわけではないという気持ちが強くなっているのかもしれない。

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14
Q

If I am able to discuss matters in relation to university, Japanese university students are, generally speaking, without hardships/at ease.

A

大学に関して言えば、一般的に日本の大学生は楽だ。

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15
Q

At Japanese universities, things like homework, exams, and reports are few, and instances of being made to do things like buying and reading lots of books for courses are also few.

A

日本の大学では、宿題、試験、レポートなどが少ないし、コースのために本をたくさん買わされたり、読まされたりすることも少ない。

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16
Q

If you go to class, listen to the teacher’s lecture carefully, take good notes, and study those well, you can receive a good mark on the exams.

A

クラスへ行って、先生の講義をよく聞いて、ノートをよく取り、それをよく覚えれば、試験でいい点がもらえる。

17
Q

If you ask what is important in university student life, students who reply with “things like studying and research are first and foremost” are increasing every year.

A

大学生活で重要なことは何かというと、「勉強や研究第一」と答える学生が年々増えている。

18
Q

In the 90’s, it was 20.3%, but in 2004, it was 27.6%.

A

九〇年には二〇・三パーセントだったが、二〇〇四年には二七・六パーセントだった。

19
Q

Students who replied with “going out with friends is first and foremost” has been decreasing every year, and it is about 10% lower than in the 90’s.

A

「友達との付き合い第一」と答えた学生は、年々減っていて、九〇年より一〇パーセントぐらい少ない。

20
Q

Perhaps it is that, as the era changes, the students’ mindset/thinking also changes.

A

時代が変わると学生の考えも変わるということだろう。

21
Q

One of the things that Japanese people find bothersome when they travel to America is tipping culture.

A

日本人がアメリカを旅行して面倒だと感じることの一つは、チップの習慣である。

22
Q

For example, when they arrive at the hotel from the airport via taxi, before they disembark, they must give tip to the driver.

A

例えば、空港からタクシーでホテルに着くと、タクシーを降りる前に、運転手にチップを渡さなければならない。

23
Q

If they have their luggage carried to their room by the porter, they tip, they also tip the maid who cleans their room for them, they tip the waiter, waitresses, etc. if they eat in the dining hall, they furthermore tip if, when they’re leaving, the doorman calls a taxi for them; in this way, tip is taken from them many times.

A

ボーイに部屋まで荷物を運んでもらえばチップ、部屋を片付けてくれるメイドにもチップ、食堂で食事をすればウェーイターやウェートレスにチップ、出かける時にドアマンがタクシーを呼び止めてくれれば、それに対してチップ、というように、何度もチップを取られる。

24
Q

In Japan, there is no tipping culture, so this point is simple.

A

日本にはチップの習慣がないので、その点簡単である。

25
Q

If you stay at a hotel or a Ryokan, a service fee IS taken, but that is generally predetermined to be 10% of the hotel fees, and is included in the invoice/bill, so you don’t have to calculate it yourself.

A

ホテルや旅館に泊まればサービス料を取られることは取られるが、それはだいたい宿泊料の十パーセントに決まっていて、請求書に含まれているので、自分で計算しなくてもよい。

26
Q

Even places like expensive restaurants take a service fee in the same way, but if it’s restaurants like normal sushi restaurants, soba restaurants, etc. tip is unnecessary.

A

高級レストランや料理屋でも同じようにサービス料を取られるが、普通のすし屋、そば屋、レストランなどならチップは必要ない。

27
Q

It’s okay to not pay tip even if you ride a taxi, and tip is not needed even at places such as the barber shop and the beauty salon.

A

タクシーに乗ってもチップは払わなくていいし、床屋や美容院でもチップはいらない。

28
Q

The fact that you don’t need to worry about whether to tip 10% or 15% is truly something to be grateful for.

A

チップを十五パーセントにしようか、二十パーセントにしようかなどと心配しなくていいのは、ほんとうにありがたい。

29
Q

Americans are used to paying tips at places like restaurants and barber shops, so they might worry that the service might become bad if you don’t tip in Japan, but it can be said that Japan’s restaurants, barber shops, etc. service is, compared to America, rather good.

A

アメリカ人は、レストランや床屋でチップを払うのに慣れているので、日本でチップを払わないとサービスが悪くなるのではないかと、心配になるかもしれないが、日本のレストランや床屋のサービスは、アメリカと比べてむしろいいと言える。

30
Q

The fact that Japan’s commodity prices are expensive is well-known, even in America, but the fact that there is no tipping culture is surprisingly not known.

A

日本の物価が高いことはアメリカでも有名だが、チップの習慣のないことは意外に知られていない。

31
Q

Perhaps it is that it would be good to advertise (the fact that there is no tipping culture) more.

A

もっと宣伝されてもいいのではないだろうか。