5/25/17: Posture, Balance and locomotion

Question 1

older adults present with slowed reaction times when compared to younger adults largely due to

Answer 1

slowed central processing and integration

Question 2

When a young child first begins to run, the physical therapist expects to observe:

Answer 2

A: both UEs held in high guard

When children learn to walk and they take hands off support surface, they keep their hands in high guard. Stable walking their hands drop, when they go faster, their hands will come up. Wide base of support will occur again with running as it does with walking.
Opposition/reciprocal arm swing, it goes away when they first learn to run because of the high guard, the reciprocal arm motion is interrupted

Question 3

The emergence of protective postural reactions in the upper extremities progress from:

Answer 3

A: forward to sideways to backward

Question 4

At what age does a baby have good upright sitting ?

Answer 4

8 months

Question 5

What age is a baby who still needs some postural protection to sit properly upright ?

Answer 5

6 months

Question 6

Children typical start o run approximately:

Answer 6

6-7 months after they begin to walk

Question 7

A typical characteristic of a young beginner jumper is:

Answer 7

unequal LE push-off and/or landing

Question 8

PTs working with older adults no multiple comorbidities spect to observe the following gait:

Answer 8

short step length, increased toe-out, limited pelvic rotation

Question 9

What type of postural control accounts for modifying one’s gait pattern when walking on ice?

Answer 9

A: adaptive

Static – postural confront when staying still, no perturbations
Anticipatory – when you want to reach for something or take a step. You initiate a movement and your body prepares for that movement
Adaptive - you’re already on a different surface and you need to change your gait to walk safely on this service.
Reactive – is when you have perturbations and your body needs to adjust. If on ice, you step and slip and you need to keep your balance, it becomes reactive, not adaptive.

Question 10

In a beginner walker:

Answer 10

A: the feet are probated and there is very little ankle ROM

Pelvis does not rotate until the walker is more proficient
Toe out and hips are externally rotated to increase the BOS

Question 11

When testing for optical righting, what’s the expected response to a patient being tipped over?

Answer 11

head orients to vertical position

Question 12

What is true about balance reactions in older adults?

Answer 12

Oder adults use a stepping tragedy more than young adults

Older adults exhibit an earlier stepping strategy than younger people