5

Question 1

basic components of soil ans soil levels

Answer 1

minerals - rock particles, organic material - humus, nutrients, water, air
1. undecomposed organic matter
2. surface soil - mostly humus, organic material and nutrients
3. accumulated minerals: clay, iron, Al
4. large unbrocken rock
5. parent material - bedrock

Question 2

soil as a system

Answer 2

storages: plants, animals, nutrients, air, water
transfers: mixing, translocation, leaching, uptake, infiltration
transformations: decpomposition, waeathering, nutrient cycle

inputs: minerals from parent material, organic matter from organisms, precipitation, energy
outputs: leaching, uptake, radiation, erosion

Question 3

translocation (leaching, salinization)

Answer 3

translocation - carrying particles by water
leaching - washing down minerals, P>E
salinization - when water evaporates from the surface, water from lower layers moves up carrying minerals that are left of the surface of soil, E>P

Question 4

clay vs silt vs sand

Answer 4

minerals/organic matter/water holding/dreinage/porosity, permeability/PP