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Gastroenterology > 4th Year Gastro > Flashcards

4th Year Gastro Flashcards

1
Q

Where does UC always start?

A

The rectum

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2
Q

Where does UC never spread beyond?

A

Ileocecal valve

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3
Q

What is hepatic encephalopathy?

A

Liver failure causing a build up of toxins in the brain

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4
Q

What pattern of inheritance is Wilsons disease?

A

Autosomal recessive

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5
Q

What is Wilsons disease?

A

Excessive copper deposition

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6
Q

What happens to caeruloplasmin in Wilsons disease?

A

Decreases

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7
Q

What is used to induce remission in crohns disease?

A

Glucocorticoids

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8
Q

What are the 1st line drugs for maintaining remission in crohns disease?

A

Azatiohprine or Mercaptoline

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9
Q

What malignancy may cause a palpable gall bladder?

A

Pancreatic cancer

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10
Q

What is the incubation period of hep A?

A

15-50 days

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11
Q

Name 3 features of hep A?

A

Flu like prodrome
Jaundice
Hepatosplenomegaly

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12
Q

What is Zollinger Ellison syndrome?

A

Over secretion of gastric acid causing multiple gastroduodenal ulcers

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13
Q

What might be the cause of Zollinger Ellison syndrome?

A

MEN

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14
Q

Which anti bodies are present in autoimmune hepatitis?

A

ANA, anti smooth muscle anti body

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15
Q

Which anti bodies are present in primary biliary cirrhosis?

A

Anti mitochondrial anti body

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16
Q

What condition is primary sclerosis cholangitis associated with?

17
Q

Which anti bodies are present in primary sclerosis cholangitis?

A

ANCA and anti smooth muscle

18
Q

How is hereditary haemochromatosis inherited?

A

Autosomal dominant

19
Q

What is hereditary haemochromatosis?

A

Increase iron - raised ferritin

20
Q

Bloody stools - UC or crohns?

21
Q

Virchows node?

A

Gastric carcinoma

22
Q

What condition might cause a palpable gallbladder?

A

Pancreatic cancer - Courvoisier sign

23
Q

What is achalasia?

A

Failures of relaxation of circular muscles at lower end of oesophagus

24
Q

What is Plummer Vinson syndrome - 3 features?

A 
Iron deficiency 
Glossitis
Angular chelitis
Dysphagia due to cricoid web
pre malignant
25
Q

Name 1 cause of pre hepatic jaundice?

A

Haemolysis

Haemolytic anaemias

26
Q

Name 2 causes of hepatic jaundice?

A

Acute liver failure, alcoholic, hepatitis, cirrhosis

27
Q

Name 2 causes of post hepatic jaundice?

A

Biliary atresia, gallstones, CBD, strictutres, tumours

28
Q

Pre hepatic jaundice - stool and urine colour?

A

Stool - Normal

Urine - normal

29
Q

Hepatic jaundice - stool and urine colour?

A

Stool -Normal

Urine - dark

30
Q

Post Hepatic jaundice - stool and urine colour?

A

Stool - pale

Urine - dark

31
Q

What is the most common cause of genetic elevated bilirubin and how is it inherited?

A

Gilberts syndrome - autosomal recessive

32
Q

In what age group might a raised Alk phos be physiological?

33
Q

Episcleritis and uveitis - UC or crohns?

A

Episcleritis - CD

Uveitis - UC

Gastroenterology (2 decks)

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