4th class Flashcards
1
Q
Amitriptyline
A
A= sedative TCA (NSRI) B= blocks both SER and NE reuptake transporters + blocks H1, H2, muscarinic and presynaptic alpha receptors that normally would inhibit release of NE and SER --> increases the availability of NE and SER in the synaptic cleft C= depressive illness where sedation is needed, endogenous depression, reactive depression, manic-depressive syndrome (depressive phase) panic disorders, severe anxiety, phobias + neuropathic pain, migraines when used as co-analgesics (prophylaxis), incontinence (not first line)
2
Q
Nortriptyline
A
A= 2nd generation TCA, psychostimulator B= inhibits reuptake of serotonin mainly, and NE to a lesser degree C= depressive illness where sedation is needed, endogenous depression, reactive depression, manic-depressive syndrome (depressive phase) panic disorders, severe anxiety, phobias + neuropathic pain, migraines when used as co-analgesics (prophylaxis), incontinence (not first line)
3
Q
Paroxetine
A
A= SSRI (selective) B= allosterically inhibits SERT --> inhibits SER reuptake -> increases its availabilty in the synapse C= major depressive syndrome, GAD, PTSD, OCD, panic disorder, PMDD, bulimia
4
Q
Escitalopram
A
A= SSRI (selective) B= allosterically inhibits SERT --> inhibits SER reuptake -> increases its availabilty in the synapse C= major depressive syndrome, GAD, PTSD, OCD, panic disorder, PMDD, bulimia
5
Q
Sertaline
A
A= SSRI (selective) B= allosterically inhibits SERT --> inhibits SER reuptake -> increases its availabilty in the synapse C= major depressive syndrome, GAD, PTSD, OCD, panic disorder, PMDD, bulimia
6
Q
Mirtazapine
A
A= tetracyclic antidepressant, NASSAD B= blocks presynaptic central alpha2 receptors that normally would inhibit release of NE and SER, theirby increasing their availability in the synaps. Also blocks postsynaptic 5HT2 and 5HT3 receptors --> enhances serotonergic transmission + H1 antagnoist (=sedative effect) C= treatment of severe to moderate depression
7
Q
Duloxetine
A
A= SNRI, antidepressant B= binds both ser and ne reuptake transporters --> inhibits their reuptake --> increases their availability in the synapse C= major depression, neropathies (e.g. diabetic neuropathy), fibromyalgias (chronic pain disorders), vasomotor symptoms of menopause, GAD, stress induced urinary incontinence (in females)
8
Q
Venlafaxine
A
A= SNRI, antidepressant B= binds both ser and ne reuptake transporters (weaker affinity to NET)--> inhibits their reuptake --> increases their availability in the synapse C= major depression, neropathies (e.g. diabetic neuropathy), fibromyalgias (chronic pain disorders), vasomotor symptoms of menopause, GAD, stress induced urinary incontinence (in females)
9
Q
Bupropion
A
A= tetracyclic antidepressant, psychostimulant B= inhibits NE and DA reuptake transporters + promotes presynaptic release of catecholamines (no direct effects serotonergic transmission) C= MDP that is unresponsive to other drugs, smoking cessation
10
Q
Agomelatine
A
A= melatonin derivative, antidepressant B= MT1 and MT2 receptor agonist + 5HT 2c antagonist --> antidepressant effects C= major depressive disorder
11
Q
Methylphenidate
A
A= indirect acting sympathomimetics, CNS psychostimulant, amphetamine-like drug B= dopamine and norepi reuptake inhibitor --> increases NE and DA levels in the synapse + inhibits MAO enzymes C= ADD, ADHD, narcolepsy, chronic fatigue syndrome
12
Q
Atomoxetine
A
A= selective NET inhibitor, indirect acting sympathomimetics, (catecholamine Reuptake inhibitor) B= selectively ínhibits presynaptic NET --> increases both NE and DA levels C= 2nd line treatment of ADD, ADHD
13
Q
Caffeine
A
A= methylxanthine B= acts by inhibiting two isoenzymes of phosphodiesterase family (PDE4&3)-->increases i/c levels of cAMP and cGMP --> relaxes SMC & reduces immune and inflammatory activities by immune cells. Also acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist + enhances histone deacetylation ny recruiting histone deacteylactylases to the site of inflammatory gene transcription C= stimulation for psychical activities, fatigue, migraine, hypotension, poisoning with narcotics
14
Q
Baclofen
A
A= GABA mimetic, centrally acting spasmolytic drug B= agonizes GABAb receptors -->hyperpolarization of neurons by increasing K+ conductance -->presynaptic inhibition by reducing ca2+ influx --> reduces output and release of excitatory transmitters +pre and postsynaptic inhibition of cord motor output C= severe spasticity due to cerebral palsy, MS, stroke, migraine
15
Q
Tolperisone
A
A= centrally acting myorelaxant B= blocks voltage gated Na+ and Ca2+ channels in the reticular formation -> reducces the nerve impulses that makes the muscles contract C= MS, spastic paralysis, increased muscle tone, muscular dystonia, muscle spasms
