3rd class Flashcards
1
Q
Haloperidol
A
A= Butyrophenone derivative, Long-acting typical antipsychotic agent, B= blocks central dopamine D2 receptors --> reduces vocal and motor tic frequency and severity. Also some alpha blockade and minimal M receptor blockade C= used in both acute and chronic cases of psychosis huntingtons disease, dystonia, tourettes syndrome, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (manic phase), ballism, delusional disorders,nonpsychiatric antiemesis, peroperative sedation, pruritus
2
Q
Melperone (small dose=sedative/anxiolytic. high dose= antipsychotic)
A
A= Butyrophenone derivatives, atypical antipsychotic agent, anxiolytic B= Melperone binds to the dopamine D2 receptor but it does so with a very low affinity and hence may be liable to rapidly dissociate from the D2 receptor, hence potentially giving it the profile of an atypical antipsychotic. Also blocks 5HT2a receptors (inverse agonist) -->modulating the release of dopa,NE, glut, GABA, ach and other neurotransmitters in the cortex, limbic region and striatum C= schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, major depressive disorders
3
Q
Sulpiride (high doses=antipsychotic)
A
A= antidepressive, atypical antipsychotics B= Binds to and blocks presynaptic D2 and D3 receptors, as well as 5HT7 receptorsm--> stimulates negative feedback of neurotransmittors -->increases dopaminergic processes --->antidepressant effects.(High doses blocks postsynaptic receptors too) C= apathetic withdrawn schizophrenics, mild schizophrenia, anenergy, slackness, and migrain. Bipolar disorders
4
Q
Zuclopenthixolone
A
A= Long-acting antipsychotic agent, typical antipsychotic agent, thioxanthene B= It mainly acts by antagonism of D1 and D2 + D3 dopamine receptors. Zuclopenthixol also has high affinity for alpha1-adrenergic and 5-HT2 receptors C= Used in the management of acute psychoses such as mania or schizophrenia
5
Q
Chlorprotixene
A
A= typical antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthene (tricyclic) class B= blocks postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic D1 and D2 +D3 receptors in the brain; depresses the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones and is believed to depress the reticular activating system thus affecting basal metabolism, body temperature, wakefulness, vasomotor tone, and emesis C= For treatment of psychotic disorders (e.g. schizophrenia) and of acute mania occuring as part of bipolar disorders
6
Q
Flupentixole (high dose= antipsychotic)
A
A= Newer antipsychotic preparation, long acting thioxanthene derivative B= affects serotonin receptors, also acts as a powerful antagonist of both D1 and D2 + D3 dopamine receptors, and an alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist C= For use in the treatment of schizophrenia and depression
7
Q
Clozapine
A
A= Newer antipsychotic preparation, atypical antipsychotic (2nd line due to side effects) B= blocks 5HT2a receptors (inverse agonist) -->modulating the release of dopa,NE, glut, GABA, ach and other neurotransmitters in the cortex, limbic region and striatum C= Schizophrenia and psychosis (resistant forms), bipolar disorders, agitation in Alzheimers and Parkinsons, major depression disorders
8
Q
Olanzapine
A
A= Newer antipsychotic preparation, atypical antipsychotic (most common antipsychotic) B= blocks 5HT2a receptors (inverse agonist) -->modulating the release of dopa,NE, glut, GABA, ach and other neurotransmitters in the cortex, limbic region and striatum C= Schizophrenia, bipolar disorders (manic phases), agitation in Alzheimers and Parkinsons, major depression disorders, mood stabilizer, anorexia
9
Q
Risperidone
A
A= Newer antipsychotic preparation, atypical antipsychotic B= blocks 5HT2a receptors (inverse agonist) >D2 + 5-HT1 partial agonist-->modulating the release of dopa,NE, glut, GABA, ach and other neurotransmitters in the cortex, limbic region and striatum C= Schizophrenia, psychosis, bipolar disorders (manic phase), agitation in Alzheimers and Parkinsons, major depression disorder
10
Q
Quetiapine
A
A= Newer antipsychotic preparation, atypical antipsychotic B= a combination of antagonism at D2 receptors in the mesolimbic pathway and 5HT2A receptors in the frontal cortex. Antagonism at D2 receptors relieves positive symptoms while antagonism at 5HT2A receptors relieves negative symptoms of schizophrenia (konst: 5-HT2 > D2 + 5HT1 partial agonist) C= Schizophrenia, psychosis, bipolar disorders (manic phase), agitation in Alzheimers and Parkinsons, major depression disorder
11
Q
Aripiprazole
A
A= Newer antipsychotic preparation, atypical antipsychotic B= a combination of antagonism at D2 (partial agonist) receptors in the mesolimbic pathway and 5HT2A receptors in the frontal cortex. Antagonism at D2 receptors relieves positive symptoms while antagonism at 5HT2A receptors relieves negative symptoms of schizophrenia C= Schizophrenia and psychosis (acute and chronic forms), bipolar disorders (manic phase), agitation in Alzheimers and Parkinsons, major depression disorder
12
Q
Diazepam
A
A= Benzodiazepine, anxiolytic (major tranquilzer) B= acts at GABAa receptors and facilitates its release--> reduces spasticity by increasing interneuron inhibition of primary motor afferents in spinal cord and CNS C= general anesthesia induction, anxiety, seizures (muscle relaxant, used in status epilepticus), alcohol withdrawal, insomnia, chronic muscle spasms due to cerebral palsy, strokes, acute spinal cord injury
13
Q
Alprazolam (xanac)
A
A= Benzodiazepine, anxiolytic (daily tranquilzer) B= acts at GABAa receptors and facilitates its release in CNS--> facilitating frequency of GABA-mediator chloride ion channel opening--> enhancing membrane hyperpolarization -->depressant effects of CNS including sedation and relief of anxiety, amnesia, hypnosis, anesthesia, coma and resp depression C= acute anxiety states, panic attacks, generalized anxiety disorder, insomnia and other sleeping disorders, relaxation of skeletal muscle, anesthesia, seizure disorders
14
Q
Clonazepam
A
A= Benzodiazepine, anxiolytic (daily tranquilzer) B= acts at GABAa receptors and facilitates its release in CNS--> facilitating frequency of GABA-mediator chloride ion channel opening--> enhancing membrane hyperpolarization -->depressant effects of CNS including sedation and relief of anxiety, amnesia, hypnosis, anesthesia, coma and resp depression C= acute anxiety states, panic attacks, generalized anxiety disorder, insomnia and other sleeping disorders, relaxation of skeletal muscle, anesthesia, seizure disorders, alcohol withdrawal, induction anesthesia, muscle relaxant (status epilepticus!)
15
Q
Bromazepam
A
A= Benzodiazepine, anxiolytic (daily tranquilzer) B= acts at GABAa receptors and facilitates its release in CNS--> facilitating frequency of GABA-mediator chloride ion channel opening--> enhancing membrane hyperpolarization -->depressant effects of CNS including sedation and relief of anxiety, amnesia, hypnosis, anesthesia, coma and resp depression C= acute anxiety states, panic attacks, generalized anxiety disorder, insomnia and other sleeping disorders, relaxation of skeletal muscle, anesthesia, seizure disorders
