4Q: behavior of gases Flashcards
___ have lower densities that liquids and solids.
gases
in the 19th century, physicists ____ and ____ explained the physical properties of matter.
they found out that we can understand the behavior of gases in terms of the motion of individual molecules.
Ludwig Boltzmann, James Clerk Maxwell
what is energy in motion?
kinetic energy
kinetic energy is measured in what?
joules
1 J=_______________
1 J = 1kg m²/s² = 1 N•m
the findings of maxwell od boltzmann led to different generalizations about the behavior of gases, which became known as?
kinetic molecular theory of gas
was an Austrian physicist notable for his contribution in theoretical physics. He suffered from severe depression and poor health, leading to him commiting suicide in what year?
Ludwig Boltzmann, 1906
KMT was extablished with the following assumptions:
- The molecules of gases are far apart from one another.
- The molecules of a gas are always in constant random motion.
- The particles of am ideal gas exert no attractice forces on one another on their surroundings
- The average kinetic energy of gas molecules depends on the absolute temperature of the gas.
is defined as the force divided by the tkgal surface area.
Pressure
what is the meaning of atm?
atmospheric pressure
what is the meaning of mmHg?
millimeter of mercury
what is the meaning of kPa?
kilopascal
what are the four measurements of pressure?
• kilopascal
• torr
• millimeter of mercury
• atmospheric pressure
it is the space occupied by matter
volume
common units in measuring volume:
• liter
• mililiter
• cubic centimeter (cm³)
• cubic meter (m³)
is the measurement of how hot or cold a thing is.
temperature
measurements of temperature:
• degrees celsius
• degrees farenheit
• degrees farenheit
• kelvin
the amount of substance is measured in what?
moles
four descriptors of physical quantities of gases:
• pressure
• volume
• temperature
• amount of substance
who is the irish physician who invented the needle in 1844 and made the firts record kf successful subcutaneous injections in history?
Francis Rynd
what is the meaning of subcutaneous?
under the skin
who developed the needle?
Alexander Wood and Charles Pravaz
Who fiest introduced the use of morphine for treating nerve conditions?
Alexander Wood
who investigated the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas?
Robert Boyle
states that the pressure of a gas at a constant amount and tempreature is inversely proportional to its volume
boyle’s law
