4.getting to know plants Flashcards
Consider the following characteristics of plants:
1 Green and tender stems
2 Short height with few or no branches
Which category of plants do these characteristics describe?
(a) Shrubs
(b) Herbs
(c) Trees
(d) Creepers
Answer: (b) Herbs
With reference to plant types, which of the following statements is correct?
(a) All shrubs are taller than herbs but shorter than trees.
(b) Trees have soft stems with branches starting near the base.
(c) Herbs are usually woody plants with thick stems.
(d) Shrubs have flexible stems and grow no taller than 1 meter.
(a) All shrubs are taller than herbs but shorter than trees.
Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of trees?
(a) Soft stems with no branches.
(b) Hard and thick stems with branches near the ground.
(c) Hard and thick stems with branches in the upper parts above the ground.
(d) Green and tender stems with multiple branches.
(c) Hard and thick stems with branches in the upper parts above the ground.
dentify the correct sequence of plant categories arranged by increasing stem hardness:
(a) Shrubs → Herbs → Trees
(b) Herbs → Shrubs → Trees
(c) Trees → Herbs → Shrubs
(d) Herbs → Trees → Shrubs
Answer: (b) Herbs → Shrubs → Trees
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding shrubs?
(a) They have hard but not very thick stems.
(b) They typically develop branches near the base of the stem.
(c) They are taller than most herbs but shorter than trees.
(d) Their stems are as hard and thick as those of trees.
Answer: (d) Their stems are as hard and thick as those of trees.
Consider the following pairs of plant characteristics and their classifications:
Characteristic Plant Type
1. Green and flexible stems Shrubs
2. Hard stems with thick bark Trees
3. Branches near the ground Herbs
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
Answer: (b) 2 only
Pair 1: Green and flexible stems are a characteristic of herbs, not shrubs. This is incorrect.
Pair 2: Hard stems with thick bark are a defining feature of trees. This is correct.
Pair 3: Branches near the ground are a feature of shrubs, not herbs. This is incorrect.
Thus, only Pair 2 is correct.
Which of the following features is the most appropriate determinant for classifying a plant as a tree rather than a shrub?
(a) Height of the plant exceeds 2 meters.
(b) The stem develops secondary growth.
(c) Branching begins much above the ground.
(d) Stems are green and tender in the early stages.
Answer: (c) Branching begins much above the ground.
With reference to plant morphology, consider the following statements:
1 Herbs never have woody stems.
2 Shrubs can grow as tall as trees but are distinguished by the absence of upper branching.
3 Trees can be both evergreen and deciduous.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 3 only
Answer: (d) 3 only
Which of the following best differentiates shrubs from herbs?
(a) Shrubs have a higher rate of photosynthesis due to their woody stems.
(b) Shrubs have hard stems and branch near the base, while herbs have soft stems with limited branching.
(c) Shrubs are annual plants, whereas herbs are perennials.
(d) Shrubs can survive in arid climates, but herbs cannot.
Answer: (b) Shrubs have hard stems and branch near the base, while herbs have soft stems with limited branching.
Consider the following statements about the ecological significance of plant types:
1 Trees contribute more significantly to carbon sequestration compared to shrubs and herbs.
2 Herbs are more likely to be annuals than perennials due to their tender stem structure.
3 Shrubs form an intermediate layer in forests, supporting undergrowth plants.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3
- Which of the following statements about plant stems is/are correct?
1 Creepers and climbers are differentiated based on their ability to produce woody stems.
2 Stems in plants are the sole structures responsible for bearing flowers and fruits.
3 Climbers use external support to grow vertically, unlike creepers that spread horizontally on the ground.
Select the correct answer using the codes below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
only 3
Why are climbers and creepers categorized differently from herbs, shrubs, and trees?
(a) They have a distinct vascular system.
(b) They rely on external support for growth or spread horizontally due to weak stems.
(c) Their stems lack the ability to bear leaves or flowers.
(d) They are annual plants, while herbs, shrubs, and trees are perennial.
Answer:
(b) They rely on external support for growth or spread horizontally due to weak stems.
Explanation: Climbers and creepers are classified separately because of their growth habits. Climbers use external support to grow vertically, and creepers spread along the ground due to their weak stems. This trait distinguishes them from herbs, shrubs, and trees, which have sturdier stems.
Consider the following statements regarding the structure of leaves:
1 The petiole is the part of the leaf that attaches it to the stem.
2 All leaves have a petiole and a lamina.
3 The lamina is responsible for the primary photosynthetic activity in the plant.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer:
(b) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
Statement 1: Correct. The petiole connects the leaf to the stem, facilitating the transport of nutrients and water.
Statement 2: Incorrect. Not all leaves have a petiole. Some leaves are sessile and lack a petiole, being directly attached to the stem.
Statement 3: Correct. The lamina, or the broad, flat part of the leaf, contains chloroplasts and is primarily responsible for photosynthesis.
Leaf Part Function
A. Petiole 1. Contains chloroplasts for photosynthesis
B. Lamina 2. Connects the leaf to the stem
C. Stipules 3. Provides protection to young leaves
Explanation:
A. Petiole: Connects the leaf to the stem, providing structural support and allowing transport.
B. Lamina: Broad, green part responsible for photosynthesis.
C. Stipules: Small appendages at the leaf base that protect young leaves.
Which of the following statements is/are true about leaf attachment and types?
1 Sessile leaves lack a petiole and are directly attached to the stem.
2 All green parts of a leaf contribute equally to photosynthesis.
3 Compound leaves have multiple laminae, each attached to a single petiole.
Select the correct answer using the codes below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer:
(b) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
Statement 1: Correct. Sessile leaves are directly attached to the stem without a petiole.
Statement 2: Incorrect. Photosynthesis is more efficient in the lamina due to its larger surface area and chlorophyll content compared to other parts of the leaf.
Statement 3: Correct. Compound leaves have multiple leaflets (laminae) attached to a common petiole.
