1. components of food Flashcards
Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption and maintaining healthy bones and teeth?
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin C
(c) Vitamin D
(d) Vitamin K
Answer: (c) Vitamin D
The group of vitamins collectively known as Vitamin B-complex includes:
(a) Fat-soluble vitamins
(b) Water-soluble vitamins
(c) Both fat- and water-soluble vitamins
(d) None of the above
(b) Water-soluble vitamins
Consider the following statements about roughage (dietary fibers):
It is mainly obtained from animal products.
It does not provide nutrients but aids digestion.
Whole grains and fresh fruits are major sources of roughage.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Which of the following accurately describes the iodine test used to detect carbohydrates?
(a) Iodine turns blue-black in the presence of glucose.
(b) Iodine turns blue-black in the presence of starch.
(c) Iodine remains yellow when starch is present.
(d) Iodine turns green when carbohydrates are present.
Answer: (b) Iodine turns blue-black in the presence of starch
With reference to food and nutrition, consider the following statements:
Vitamins can be synthesized by the body in adequate quantities.
Fats provide more than twice the energy per gram as carbohydrates.
Minerals are organic substances required in trace amounts for growth.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1, 2, and 3
(d) 2 and 3 only
Answer: (b) 2 only
Why is it important to include raw fruits and vegetables in the diet?
(a) They prevent obesity due to their low-fat content.
(b) Cooking destroys Vitamin C, which is preserved in raw items.
(c) They are easier to digest than cooked food.
(d) They are the only source of roughage.
Correct Answer: (b)
A balanced diet is characterized by:
(a) A higher quantity of carbohydrates than any other nutrient.
(b) The inclusion of roughage and water in addition to essential nutrients.
(c) Exclusively vegetarian food items.
(d) Foods with high-fat content to provide maximum energy.
Correct Answer: (b)
Identify the incorrect statement regarding a balanced diet:
(a) It must include all nutrients in the right proportions.
(b) Cooking always enhances the nutritional value of food.
(c) It is possible to prepare a balanced diet with inexpensive ingredients.
(d) Roughage and water are essential components of a balanced diet.
Correct Answer: (b)
Which of the following is a practical tip to retain nutrients during food preparation?
(a) Wash vegetables thoroughly after peeling them.
(b) Cook with minimal water and avoid discarding it.
(c) Use high heat to quickly cook all food items.
(d) Wash rice multiple times to remove impurities and excess vitamins.
Correct Answer: (b)
What is the primary function of roughage in our diet?
(a) It provides essential nutrients.
(b) It helps the body get rid of undigested food.
(c) It is the main energy source for the body.
(d) It enhances the flavor of food.
Correct Answer: (b)
(a) Vitamins and minerals are usually concentrated in the core of vegetables.
(b) Cooking enhances all nutrients in vegetables.
(c) The skin of many vegetables is a rich source of vitamins and minerals.
(d) Only raw vegetables provide essential minerals.
Correct Answer: (c)
Which nutrient is most susceptible to destruction by heat during cooking?
(a) Protein
(b) Carbohydrates
(c) Vitamin C
(d) Fats
Correct Answer: (c)
Which of the following practices can lead to nutrient loss during food preparation?
1Washing fruits after peeling them.
2Repeated washing of rice and pulses.
3 Cooking vegetables at high temperatures for prolonged periods.
4 Using minimal water for cooking.
(a) 1, 2, and 3
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 1 and 3
(d) All of the above
Correct Answer: (a)
Which of the following symptoms indicates a protein deficiency in the diet?
Swelling of the face
Discoloration of hair
Stunted growth
Brittle bones
(a) 1, 2, and 3
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 3 and 4
(d) All of the above
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Protein deficiency can cause swelling of the face, hair discoloration, and stunted growth, but brittle bones are typically a symptom of calcium or Vitamin D deficiency.
Which of the following conditions results from a deficiency in both proteins and carbohydrates?
(a) Kwashiorkor
(b) Marasmus
(c) Rickets
(d) Pellagra
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Marasmus is caused by a severe deficiency in both proteins and carbohydrates, leading to extreme leanness and weakness.
Deficiency of which nutrient can lead to diarrhea, skin diseases, and stunted growth?
(a) Vitamins
(b) Proteins
(c) Minerals
(d) Fats
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Protein deficiency can cause these symptoms.
Match the Following
Column A (Deficiency Diseases) | Column B (Deficient Nutrients)
Rickets | (a) Protein
Pellagra | (b) Vitamin C
Kwashiorkor | (c) Niacin
Scurvy | (d) Vitamin D
Answer:
1 - (d), 2 - (c), 3 - (a), 4 - (b)
Explanation: Each disease is caused by the corresponding deficiency of the listed nutrients.
Which of the following is NOT correctly matched with its symptoms?
(a) Vitamin A - Loss of night vision
(b) Vitamin D - Brittle bones
(c) Iodine - Goiter with swollen glands
(d) Calcium - Beriberi
Answer: (d)
Explanation: Beriberi is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin B1 (thiamine), not calcium.
What condition is caused by a lack of Vitamin C?
(a) Rickets
(b) Pellagra
(c) Scurvy
(d) Goiter
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Scurvy is characterized by bleeding gums and slow wound healing due to Vitamin C deficiency.
hich nutrient deficiency can cause goiter and mental disabilities in children?
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Iodine
(c) Calcium
(d) Iron
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Iodine deficiency causes goiter and can impair mental development in children.
Deficiency of ________ can cause soft bones and skeletal deformities in children.
Answer: Vitamin D
Anemia is a condition caused by a deficiency of ________ and results in weakness and fatigue.
Answer: Iron
Swelling in the neck region due to enlarged thyroid glands is caused by a lack of ________.
Answer: Iodine
________ deficiency is responsible for night blindness and, in severe cases, complete vision loss.
Answer: Vitamin A
True or False
Beriberi is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin B12.
Scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums, is due to a lack of Vitamin C.
Vitamin D deficiency in adults results in osteoporosis rather than rickets.
Calcium deficiency affects both bones and teeth, leading to decay and weakness.
True or False
Beriberi is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin B12.
Answer: False (It is caused by Vitamin B1 deficiency.)
Scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums, is due to a lack of Vitamin C.
Answer: True
Vitamin D deficiency in adults results in osteoporosis rather than rickets.
Answer: True
Calcium deficiency affects both bones and teeth, leading to decay and weakness.
Answer: True
Which of the following is the correct procedure for testing the presence of proteins in a food sample using the Biuret test?
A) Add iodine solution to the food sample and observe for a blue-black color change.
B) Mix the food sample with Benedict’s solution and heat it, observing for a color change from blue to red.
C) Add copper sulfate and caustic soda to the food sample, and observe for a color change to violet if proteins are present.
D) Crush the food sample, add water, and test with litmus paper for acidity or alkalinity.
Answer: C) Add copper sulfate and caustic soda to the food sample, and observe for a color change to violet if proteins are present
- Which of the following is the chemical name of Vitamin C?
A) Retinol
B) Ascorbic acid
C) Tocopherol
D) Pyridoxine
Answer: B) Ascorbic acid
- Vitamin B9 is also known as:
A) Folic acid
B) Riboflavin
C) Thiamine
D) Biotin
Answer: A) Folic acid
- Tocopherol is the chemical name of which vitamin?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin K
Answer: C) Vitamin E
- Which of the following vitamins is also called Cobalamin?
A) Vitamin B2
B) Vitamin B6
C) Vitamin B12
D) Vitamin B7
Answer: C) Vitamin B12
- Which vitamin’s chemical name is Phylloquinone?
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin K
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin E
Answer: B) Vitamin K
- Vitamin A is chemically known as:
A) Retinol
B) Calciferol
C) Niacin
D) Folic acid
Answer: A) Retinol
- Which of the following vitamins is chemically known as Calciferol?
Vitamin d
- Biotin is also known as:
A) Vitamin B2
B) Vitamin B3
C) Vitamin B7
D) Vitamin B9
Answer: C) Vitamin B7
- The chemical name of Vitamin D3 is:
A) Cholecalciferol
B) Ergocalciferol
C) Thiamine
D) Pyridoxine
Answer: A) Cholecalciferol
- What is the chemical name of Vitamin K2?
A) Phylloquinone
B) Menaquinone
C) Ergocalciferol
D) Thiamine
Answer: B) Menaquinone
What is the chemical name of Vitamin B1?
A) Pyridoxine
B) Thiamine
C) Riboflavin
D) Niacin
Answer: B) Thiamine
- Which disease is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin B1?
A) Pellagra
B) Beriberi
C) Scurvy
D) Rickets
Answer: B) Beriberi
- Which of the following is the primary function of Vitamin B6 in the human body?
A) Energy production from carbohydrates
B) Hemoglobin production and amino acid metabolism
C) DNA synthesis and red blood cell formation
D) Antioxidant defense system
Answer: paridoxine B) Hemoglobin production and amino acid metabolism
- What is the chemical name of Vitamin B6?
A) Cobalamin
B) Pyridoxine
C) Biotin
D) Pantothenic acid
Answer: B) Pyridoxine
- Vitamin B12 is essential for which of the following physiological processes?
A) Protein synthesis
B) Formation of red blood cells and DNA synthesis
C) Bone development
D) Regulation of blood calcium levels
Answer: B) Formation of red blood cells and DNA synthesis
- Which of the following conditions is associated with a deficiency of Vitamin B12?
A) Scurvy
B) Rickets
C) Pernicious anemia
D) Beriberi
Answer: C) Pernicious anemia
- Which of the following conditions is associated with a deficiency of Vitamin B12?
A) Scurvy
B) Rickets
C) Pernicious anemia
D) Beriberi
Answer: C) Pernicious anemia
- Thiamine (Vitamin B1) plays a critical role in which of the following biochemical processes?
A) Protein metabolism
B) Carbohydrate metabolism
C) Fat metabolism
D) DNA replication
Answer: B) Carbohydrate metabolism
- Which of the following vitamins is water-soluble and stored in small amounts in the liver?
A) Vitamin B1
B) Vitamin B6
C) Vitamin B12
D) All of the above
Answer: C) Vitamin B12
- Which of the following vitamins is water-soluble and stored in small amounts in the liver?
A) Vitamin B1
B) Vitamin B6
C) Vitamin B12
D) All of the above
Answer: C) Vitamin B12
- Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with Vitamin B6 deficiency?
A) Poor vision
B) Neurological symptoms like depression and confusion
C) Brittle bones
D) Easy bruising
Answer: B) Neurological symptoms like depression and confusion
vitamin trick
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