4D 1.3 nutrition and digestion

Question 1

Q1 what does the Stephans’s curve show

Answer 1

The effect of infrequent vs frequent sugar intake

Question 2

Q2 on average our % intake of carbohydrate should be what from our total dietary energy

Answer 2

50%

Question 3

Q3 population average intake of free sugars in our total dietary energy should not exceed what

Answer 3

5%

Question 4

Q4 what are free sugars

Answer 4

all monosaccharides and disaccharides added to foods by the manufacturer, cook or consumer, plus sugars naturally present in honey, syrups and unsweetened fruit juices

Question 5

Q5 free sugars are exempt from

Answer 5

Lactose naturally present in milk and milk products and sugars contained within the cellular structure of foods are excluded

Question 6

Q6 what is the recommended maximum daily sugar intake for the following

Adults and 11+

7-10 years

4-6 years

Answer 6

Adults and 11+ - 30g (7 sugar cubes)

7-10 years – 24g (6 sugar cubes)

4-6 years – 19g (5 sugar cubes)

Question 7

Q7 what are discretionary foods

Answer 7

Discretionary food is a term for foods and drinks not necessary to provide the nutrients the human body’s needs, but that may add variety to a person’s diet.

Question 8

Q8 what is the advised recommended alcohol unit consumption for both men and women in a week

Answer 8

14 units

Question 9

Q9 at what temperature does a drink have to be to cause mucosal injury

Answer 9

>65°c

Question 10

Q10 what are the classification for the BMI

Answer 10

normal weight 18.5 – 24.9

Overweight 25-29.9

Obese 3 classes

Question 11

Q11 list the 5 A’s

Answer 11

Ask

Assess

Advise

Agree

Assist

Question 12

Q12 what are the 2 functions of food

Answer 12

Non-nutritional function – social and cultural aspect of eating

Nutritional function – energy provision, cell body structure, regulation of body process

Question 13

Q13 what are the 5 classes of nutrients

Answer 13

Fat (macronutrient)

Protein (macronutrient)

Carbohydrate (macronutrient)

Vitamins (micronutrients)

Minerals (micronutrients)

Question 14

Q14 which macronutrient is primarily used to supply the body with energy

Answer 14

Carbohydrate (4Kcals/g)

Question 15

Q15 which other nutrient is known to be found in carbohydrates and helps aid in the bulking of stool

Answer 15

Fibre

Question 16

Q16 which macronutrient is the most energy dense of all the macronutrients.

Answer 16

Fat (9Kcals/g)

Question 17

Q17 where is fat stored in the body

Answer 17

Stored in the liver and adipose tissue

Question 18

Q18 which macronutrient is used in cases of starvation

Answer 18

Although stored in the body(4Kcals/g), mainly as muscle. Protein is abundant in muscles and its primary function is for growth and maintenance.

Question 19

Q19 what is the difference between a saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid

Answer 19

Saturated fatty acid = no double bond present in the chain

Unsaturated fatty acid = double bonds present in chain

Question 20

Q20 what is the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen in carbohydrates

Answer 20

2:1 just like water

Question 21

Q21 describe proteins structure

Answer 21

protein structure is a three-dimensional arrangement of an amino acid chain molecule.

Proteins are polymers of polypeptides formed from sequences of amino acid

Question 22

Q22 many enzymes cannot function without a

Answer 22

Coenzyme, and many coenzymes are vitamins

Question 23

Q23 which vitamins act as antioxidants

Answer 23

A, C and E

Question 24

Q24 which vitamin acts as an additive to prevent rancidity in fish and oils

Answer 24

Vitamin c – fish

Vitamin e – oil

Question 25

Q25 vitamins are divided into two categories

Answer 25

Fat soluble – A, D, E and K (stored in fat)

Water soluble – B and C (requires regular intake)

Question 26

Q26 what are the main functions of minerals

Answer 26

Structural role (calcium in bones)

Regulatory function (transmission of nerve impulses)

Antioxidant (selenium)

Question 27

Q27 fluoride, copper, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, selenium and iodine are examples of

Answer 27

Trace elements – required in smaller amounts in diet