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AQA A Level Biology > 4C: Diversity and Classification > Flashcards

4C: Diversity and Classification Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Phylogeny?

A

The study of the evolutionary history of groups of organisms

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2
Q

What is Taxonomy?

A

the science of classification

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3
Q

What is the order of Taxonomy?

A

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

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4
Q

What is a binomial?

A

Genus Species

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5
Q

What is courtship behaviour?

A

A bahaviour that is carried out by organisms to attract a mate of the right species

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6
Q

Give examples of simple courtship behaviours

A

Releasing a chemical
Using sound
Visual display

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7
Q

Give examples of complex courtship display

A

Dancing
Building

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8
Q

Why is courtship behaviour specific?

A

to attract a mate of the opposite sex but same species that has reached sexual maturity to produce fertile offspring

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9
Q

What is genome sequencing?

A

A way to determine the entire base sequence of an organism’s DNA which can then be compared to that of another species to see how closely related they are

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10
Q

Why are amino acid sequences compared to determine how closely related 2 species are?

A

Amino acid sequence in a protein is coded for by DNA base sequence. related organisms will have a similar amino acid sequence in their proteins

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11
Q

What are Immunological Comparisons?

A

comparing proteins using antibodies from eg a human and seeing if they will bind to a chimp cell

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12
Q

What is Variation?

A

the difference that exists between individuals

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13
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

the variety of living organisms in an area

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14
Q

What is a habitat?

A

the place where an organism lives

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15
Q

What is a community?

A

all the populations of different species in a habitat

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16
Q

What is Species Richness?

A

a measure of the number of different species in a community- a simple measure of biodiversity

17
Q

What is an index of diversity?

A

a way of measuring biodiversity that takes into account the number of different speciess and number of individuals in each species

18
Q

What could farmers do that would reduce biodiversity?

A
  • clear wooland
  • remove hedgerows
  • use pesticides
  • use herbicides
  • monoculture
19
Q

How can biodiversity be increased and preserved?

A

Conservation Schemes

20
Q

What are the 3 types of mutations?

A
  1. nonsense- causes a stop codon to be made prematurely
  2. misense- causes the change of an amino acid
  3. Silent mutation- causes no change
21
Q

What is random sampling?

A

ensures the sample accurately represents the total variation of the species

AQA A Level Biology (10 decks)

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