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Drew 922 > 4_3FASynthesis > Flashcards

4_3FASynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

sphingomyelin

A

ceramide + phosphatidylcholine

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2
Q

Galactocerebroside

A

Ceramide + UDP-Gal

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3
Q

Glucocoserebroside

A

Ceramide + UDP-Glc

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4
Q

2 types of galactocerebrosides

A

sulfratide and globoside

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5
Q

Ganglioside

A

Ceramide + Glc + Gal + NANA

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6
Q

NANA =

A

sialic acid

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7
Q

Precursors of ceramide

A

palmitoyl-CoA and serine

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8
Q

Precursors to phosphatidylcholine

A

DAG + CDP-choline

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9
Q

How is choline activated to CDP-choline

A

ATP and CTP

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10
Q

Precursors to Phosphatidylinositol

A 
Phosphatidic Acid (activated with CTP -- CDP-DAG)
Inositol
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11
Q

How is cardiolipin synthesized?

A

CDP-DAG + Phosphatidylglycerol

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12
Q

palmitic acid structure

A

16:0

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13
Q

Where does elongation to greater than 16 FAs occur?

A

ER Elongase complex (also mito and peroxisomes)

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14
Q

Steps in Elongation

A

1) Rate-limiting condensation
2) keto-reduction
3) dehydration
4) enoyl reduction

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15
Q

How is FA synthesis different from beta-oxidation?

A

1) ACP
2) D-beta-OH
3) NADPH
4) Malonyl-CoA Precursor

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16
Q

What is the first committed and RLS of FA synthesis?

A

acetyl-coA carboxylase

17
Q

What are the regulation points of fatty acid synthesis?

A

1) acetyl-CoA carboxylase
2) AL
3) CPT I
4) LPL

18
Q

How is acetyl-coA carboxylase regulated?

A

activated by dephosphorylation (insulin)

19
Q

How is CPTI regulated?

A

malonyl CoA inhibits

20
Q

How is LPL regulated?

A

induced by insulin

21
Q

How is HSL/AL regulated?

A

activated by GCG phosphorylation

22
Q

What are the phases of FA synthesis?

A

1) Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
2) FAS
- - Priming
- - Elonation
- - Termination

23
Q

How many steps in the reduction cycle?

A

4 (3-7 rounds)

24
Q

What is the mechanism of KAS?

A

Claisen

25
Q

How many steps in the priming phase of FAS?

A

2

26
Q

How many steps in the termination phase of FAS?

A

1

27
Q

What is the common group of CoA/ACP

A

phosphopantetheine group (prosthetic if ACP)

28
Q

ACAT acronym

A

acetyl-coA : ACP transacetylase

29
Q

What are lipids’ roles in TB?

A

encapsulation of Mycobacterium

30
Q

What are lipids’ roles in cancer?

A

FA biosynthesis provides oxidized co-factors (NADP, FAD) for anaerobic metabolism

Drew 922 (12 decks)

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