4900 C1 Intro to Nutritional Assessment

Question 1

prevalence

Answer 1

The number of existing cases of a disease or condition divided by the total number of people in a given population at a designated time. In indicates the burden of a disease or how common it is.

Question 2

incidence

Answer 2

The number of new cases of a disease divided by the total # of persons at risk of the disease with in a specific time period, usually 1 yr. Indicates a person’s risk of chances of developing the disease per yr.

Question 3

epidemic

Answer 3

Disease or condition that occurs at a higher rate than is normally expected based on past experience.

Question 4

rickets

Answer 4

Common in infants and children characterized by malformed bones, delayed fontanel closure, & muscle pain. Caused by vit D deficiency.

Question 5

pellagra

Answer 5

A niacin deficiency syndrome characterized by inflamed mucous membranes, mental deterioration, diarrhea, and eruptions in skin areas exposed to light or injury. The 4Ds: dementia, diarrhea, dermatitis, death.

Question 6

beribebi

Answer 6

Disease resulting from thiamin deficiency & characterized by nervous tingling throughout the body, poor arm-leg coordination, deep calf muscle pain, heart enlargement, & occasional edema.

Question 7

xerophthalmia

Answer 7

Caused by vit A deficiency. The conjunctiva & cornea dry and thicken. Blindness can ensue.

Question 8

goiter & cretinism

Answer 8

Caused by iodine deficiency

Question 9

Infectious disease

Answer 9

Any disease caused by the invasion & multiplication of microorganisms: bacteria, fungi, viruses.

Question 10

fortification

Answer 10

The addition of nutrients to food at a nutrient concentration greater than originally present &/or the addition of nutrients not initially existing in food.

Question 11

enrichment

Answer 11

replace certain nutrients lost in food processing

Question 12

nutritional screening

Answer 12

A process to identify an individual who is malnourished or who is at risk for malnutrition to determine if a detailed nutrition assessment is indicated.

Question 13

nutritional assessment

Answer 13

The measurement of indicators of dietary status & nutrition related health status of individuals or populations to identify the possible occurrence, nature, & extent of impaired nutritional status (ranging from deficiency to toxicity).

Question 14

The 4 methods of nutritional assessment?

Answer 14

ABCD. Anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, dietary methods

Question 15

anthropometry

Answer 15

The measurement of the physical dimensions and gross composition of the body.

Question 16

biochemical methods

Answer 16

Includes measuring a nutrient of its metabolite in blood, feces, or urine, or other component in blood that have a relationship with nutritional status.

Question 17

Subjective Global Assessment

Answer 17

A clinical method for assessing nutritional status that relies on information collected by the clinician through observation & interviews at the patient’s bedside.

Question 18

morbidity

Answer 18

Illness or sickness

Question 19

enteral nutrition

Answer 19

nutrient mixes delivered into the stomach or sm intestine through feeding tubes

Question 20

parenteral nutrition

Answer 20

nutrient mixes administered directly into veins.

Question 21

The Nutrition Care Process (NCP)

Answer 21

Developed by the AND, a systematic problem-solving method in which dietetic practitioners use critical-thinking skills to make evidence-based decisions addressing the nutrition-related problems of those they serve of any age or health condition.

Question 22

Four steps of the NCP?

Answer 22

Nutritional assessment, nutrition diagnosis, nutrition intervention, & nutritional monitoring and evaluation.

Question 23

nutrition care indicators

Answer 23

Data collected during the 1st step of the nutrition care process (assessment). Allow the practitioner to determine whether a nutrition problem exists and to make informed decisions about it

Question 24

PES statement

Answer 24

A nutrition diagnosis is summarized in a single, structured sentence or nutrition diagnosis statement having 3 distinct components: the problem (P), the etiology (E), & signs and symptoms (S).

Question 25

etiology

Answer 25

The root cause or risk factors of the problem.

Question 26

Format of the PES statement

Answer 26

(the nutrition diagnosis label) related to (the etiology) as evidenced by (the signs and symptoms).

Question 27

dysgeusia

Answer 27

A distorted sense of taste. Commonly associated with certain chemotherapy agents.

Question 28

nutrition prescription

Answer 28

A summary of intake recommendations, along with a brief description of the patient’s health condition & the nutrient diagnosis.

Question 29

nutritional monitoring

Answer 29

An ongoing description of nutrition conditions in the population, with particular attention to subgroups defined in socioeconomic terms, for purposes of planning, analyzing the effects of policies & programs on nutrition problems, and predicting future trends.

Question 30

protein-energy malnutrition (PEM)

Answer 30

Loss of lean body mass resulting from inadequate consumption of protein &/or energy, or resulting from the increased energy & nutrient needs of certain diseases.

Question 31

Healthy BMI range

Answer 31

18.5 to 24.9 kg/m^2

Question 32

Overweight BMI

Answer 32

25.0 to 29.9 kg/m^2

Question 33

Obesity BMI

Answer 33

≥ 30.0 kg/m^2

Question 34

globesity

Answer 34

A global epidemic of obesity.

Question 35

Frankfort horizontal plane

Answer 35

Plane from lowest point of orbit to tragion. Horizontal.

Question 35

nutritional epidemiology

Answer 35

The application of epidemiological principles to the study of how diet & nutrition influence the occurrence of disease.