4.8 & 4.9 & 4.10

Question 1

Collective bargaining

Answer 1

Involves determining the terms and conditions of employment through direct negotiation between unions and employers.

Question 2

Enterprise agreement

Answer 2

Is an agreement that has been directly negotiated between the employer and employees at the enterprise level.

Question 3

Penalty rates

Answer 3

Are additional wages paid to employees who work outside of normal working hours.

Question 4

Collective/enterprise agreement

Answer 4

Is a negotiated agreement between an employer and a union or a group of employees.

Question 5

Common law individual (employment) contract

Answer 5

Covers those employees who are not under any Award or collective/enterprise agreements.

Question 6

Conflict

Answer 6

Refers to disputes, disagreements or dissatisfaction between individuals and/or groups.

Question 7

Strike

Answer 7

Occurs when employees withdraw their labour for a period of time in pursuit of improvements in their employment conditions

Question 8

Lockout

Answer 8

Occurs when employers close the workplace for a period of time as a means of applying pressure to employees during a period of industrial conflict.

Question 9

Green Bans

Answer 9

Are bans imposed by trade unions on any development that is considered harmful to the environment or an area of historical significance.

Question 10

Protected industrial action

Answer 10

Refers to action taken by either party to a dispute that has been approved by the Fair Work Commission.

Question 11

Unprotected industrial action

Answer 11

Refers to action that has not been approved by the Fair Work Commission.

Question 12

Negotiation

Answer 12

Is a method of resolving disputes whereby discussions between the parties result in a compromise and a formal or informal agreement about a dispute.

Question 13

Mediation

Answer 13

Is the confidential discussion of issues in a non-threatening environment, in the presence of a neutral, objective third party. Many businesses now specify mediation as a first step in their dispute resolution or grievance procedures.

Question 14

Grievance procedure

Answer 14

Provides an orderly system whereby the employee and employer can resolve matters relating to complaints about wages, hours, working conditions or disciplinary actions.

Question 15

Conciliation

Answer 15

Is a process that occurs when a third party participates in the resolution of a dispute and attempts to resolve the differences through discussion.

Question 16

Arbitration

Answer 16

Is a process that occurs when a ‘judge’ (such as a commissioner or the Fair Work Commission) hears both arguments in a dispute in a more formal court-like setting and determines the outcome.