4.7 Emotions Flashcards
Emotion
“A complex state of feeling that includes physical and psychological changes that influence thought and behavior”
Physiological, Cognitive, Behavioral, Cultural.
Facial-Feedback Hypothesis
Ex) Smiling should typically make individuals feel happier, and frowning makes them feel sadder.
Individuals’ emotional experiences are influenced by their facial expressions.
Broaden-and-Build Theory
Ex) When faced with an emergency, someone with a positive outlook may stay calm and devise a creative solution.
Positive emotions open up new possibilities for thought and action.
Universal Emotions
Proposed by Paul Ekman, the theory suggests that there are a set of basic emotions that are universally recognized and expressed in the same way across different cultures
6 basic Emotions
Disgust, fear, enjoyment, anger, sadness, and surprise.
Self-Conscious Emotions
Guilt, shame, embarrassment, and pride.
Display Rules
Ex) The difference between how emotions like disgust are expressed to people of higher authority in places like America and Japan.
A socially learned set of norms within a culture that dictates how and when individuals should express their emotions
What are the types of emotional regulation?
Cognitive reappraisal and Expressive suppression.
Cognitive reappraisal
Ex) Reframing a negative test result, acknowledging a loss without getting stuck in sadness, or finding something to be grateful for.
Changing the way the individual thinks about a potentially emotion-eliciting situation to modify its emotional impact.
Expressive suppression
Ex) Someone trying to hide their disappointment when receiving a gift they don’t like by forcing a smile and maintaining a neutral facial expression
Reducing emotion-expressive behavior once the individual is already emotional.
