Ch. 3 AP Human Geography (Migration)

Question 0

Migration

Answer 0

Form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location.

Question 1

Push factor

Answer 1

A factor, such as unemployment, wide scale poverty in Kenya, or the lack of freedom of speech, that induces people to want to leave their country and move to another one (like the US), only hypothetically lol.

Question 2

Pull factor

Answer 2

Positive conditions and perceptions that effectively attract people to new locales from other areas.

Question 3

Emigration

Answer 3

migration from a place (especially migration from your native country in order to settle in another)

Question 4

Immigration

Answer 4

migration into a place (especially migration to a country of which you are not a native in order to settle there)

Question 5

Refugees

Answer 5

People who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion.

Question 6

Net migration

Answer 6

The difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants

Question 7

net in-migration

Answer 7

If the number of immigrants exceeds the number of emigrants, the net migration is positive and the region has __________.

Question 8

net out-migration

Answer 8

If the number of emigrants exceeds the number of immigrants, then the net migration is negative and the region has __________.

Question 9

Mujahadeen

Answer 9

Afghan resistance group supplied with arms by the united states to assist in its fight against the soviets following their 1979 invasion of Afghanistan. Offset Soviet numbers and warriors by using Guerrilla tactics, aftermath of war left about 5 million refugees(the second largest in the world after the Palestinians.

Question 10

Mobility

Answer 10

All types of movement from one location to another.

Question 11

Circulation

Answer 11

Short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis.

Question 12

Floodplain

Answer 12

The area subject to flooding during a given number of years according to historical trends.

Question 13

Sahel

Answer 13

A strip of dry grasslands on the southern border of the Sahara; also known as “the shore of the desert” has become increasingly smaller and and large population growth in this very small region is now acting as a push factor.

Question 14

Dust Bowl

Answer 14

Parts of Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas that were hit hard by dry topsoil and high winds that created blinding dust storms; this area of the Great Plains became called that because winds blew away crops and farms, and blew dust from Oklahoma to Albany, New York.

Question 15

The Grapes of Wrath

Answer 15

John Steinbeck’s classic novel which portrayed the migration of “Okies” to California during the Great Depression. , The story follows the fortunes of a poor family as they travel from the Dust Bowl region to California.

Question 16

intervening obstacle

Answer 16

An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration. Were primarily environmental in the past, but modern transportation changed the dynamic and it is now more likely to be caused by local politics and government.

Question 17

E.G. Ravenstein

Answer 17

British demographer who sought an answer to “why people voluntarily migrate.” He studied internal migration in England and proposed the laws of migration involving the use of Pull and Push factors.

Question 18

International migration

Answer 18

Permanent movement from one country to another. Divided into voluntary migration and forced migration.

Question 19

Internal migration

Answer 19

The permanent or semipermanent movement of individuals within a particular country. Divided into inter-regional migration and intraregional migration.

Question 20

Interregional migration

Answer 20

Permanent movement from one region of a country to another. A division of internal migration along with intraregional migration

Question 21

Intraregional migration

Answer 21

Permanent movement within one region of a country. A division of internal migration along with with Interregional migration

Question 22

Voluntary migration

Answer 22

Permanent movement(International migration) that has been undertaken by choice.

Question 23

Forced migration

Answer 23

Permanent movement(International migration) compelled usually by cultural/political factors(Push factor).

Question 24

Migration transition

Answer 24

Change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other social and economic changes that also produce the demographic transition. Proposed by Wilbur Zelinsky

Question 25

Wilbur Zelinsky

Answer 25

Geographer associated with migration transition–change in the migration pattern in a society that results from the social and economic changes that produce the demographic transition. Stage 2–international. Stage 3&4–internal

Question 26

Peaks of Euro Migration to America

Answer 26

1st Peak -(1607-1840) 90% of immigrants were from Great Britain reaching a dramatic climax in the two decades(where most immigrants started coming from North west Europe) before the U.S Civil War.
2nd Peak - (1860-1890)- Migration dramatically tails of because of U.S Civil War, but reaches a new peak in the 1880’s(again from Northwestern Europe) caused by countries industrializing and reaching stage 2 of demographic transition.
3rd Peak (1890 -1920) - Migration became lower because of economic problems in U.S.S in this era, but by 1910 large amount of migrants from Southern and Eastern Europe.

Question 27

Enclosure movement

Answer 27

The process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the eighteenth century., This was the way that the English landowners would now organize their land so that the farmers would become more productive in their work

Question 28

Ellis Island

Answer 28

The immigration station in New York harbor that processed immigrants. Approximately 17 million immigrants passed through Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924, mostly European.New arrivals had to pass rigorous medical and document examinations and pay entry before being allowed into the U.S.

Question 29

Angel Island

Answer 29

The immigration station on the west coast where Asian immigrants, mostly Chinese gained admission to the U.S. at San Francisco Bay. Between 1910 and 1940 50k Chinese immigrants entered through Angel Island. Questioning and conditions at Angel Island were much harsher than Ellis Island in New York.

Question 30

Chain migration

Answer 30

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there. (Think China Town, Little Italy, etc etc.

Question 31

undocumented immigrants

Answer 31

Also known as illegal immigrants; migrants who enter a country without proper documentation.

Question 32

1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act

Answer 32

In 1986 Act that issued hundreds of thousands of visas to undocumented immigrants, making them legal migrants. This caused the number of immigrants to increase since the percentage allowed was based on a now larger based population.

Question 33

Quota Act of 1921

Answer 33

This act sets a cap of 3% of each nationality (based on the 1910 census) already in the U.S. to be allowed to immigrate to the U.S., it discriminates against certain nationalities such as Greeks, Poles, and Eastern European Jews.

Question 34

National Origins Act

Answer 34

Act that set quotas for each country at 2 % of the number of people from that country living in the U.S. in 1890. The goal was to reduce immigration from certain countries.

Question 35

Brain drain

Answer 35

Large-scale emigration by talented people.

Question 36

Guest workers

Answer 36

Workers who migrate to the more developed countries of Northern and Western Europe, usually from Southern of Eastern Europe or from North Africa, in search of higher-paying jobs.

Question 37

Time contract workers

Answer 37

A worker who comes to work someplace for a fixed period of time, Typically work in Asia. Workers that work a fixed period in a specific country. Asians in the 19th century worked mines or plantations. Many stayed after contracts expired. Indians worked in Malaysia, British Guiana, E and S Africa, Fiji, Mauritius, and Trinidad. Chinese comprise 3/4th of the population in Singapore, 1/3rd in Malaysia, and 1/10 in Thailand. Most migrants are from SE China.

Question 38

Mariel boatlift

Answer 38

This was when Fidel Castro allowed Cuban criminal “refugees” to come to USA to dispose of his social “trash” and abuse Carter’s policy of accepting all comers. Here’s an example of being “good” causing problems!

Question 39

Zebulon Pike

Answer 39

American soldier and explorer whom Pikes Peak in Colorada is named. His Pike expedition often compared to the Lewis and Clark expedition, mapped much of the southern portion of the Louisiana Purchase. Named the Great Plains “The Great American Desert”.

Question 40

Sunbelt

Answer 40

The southern and southwestern states, from the Carolinas to California, characterized by warm climate and recently, rapid population growth

Question 41

Rustbelt

Answer 41

Urban areas in New England and Middle West characterized by concentrations of declining industries (steel or textiles).

Question 42

Komsomol

Answer 42

Communist Youth League; used their insider status to form business connections and become part of the new business elite in 1987-1988

Question 43

State of Assam

Answer 43

Is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country. Assam though one of the original provinces of British ruled Indian sub-continent and present day India. Since the mid-20th century, people from present Bangladesh have been migrating to Assam, but have been limited somewhat by passports required for travel within the country.

Question 44

Favelas

Answer 44

Poor slums in the disamenity sectors of many Latin American cities. Especially in Brazil

Question 45

Suburbanization

Answer 45

Movement of upper and middle-class people from urban core areas to the surrounding outskirts to escape pollution as well as deteriorating social conditions (perceived and actual). In North America, the process began in the early nineteenth century and became a mass phenomenon by the second half of the twentieth century.

Question 46

Counterurbanization

Answer 46

Net migration from urban to rural areas in MDCs