4.6 RAD - Radiology of The Skull Flashcards
On a x-ray image rank which would be more radiolucent to radiodense?
Bone, fat, air, soft tissue
air (black - most radiolucent), fat, soft tissue, bone (white - most radiodense).
Give 3 indications for cerebral ultrasound (where would it be used)?
Evaluation extracranial vessels.
Babies.
Intraoperative localization.
Which extracranial vessels would ultrasound be most successful in imaging carotids or vertebral arteries, why?
Carotids.
The cervical vertebrae would cause an obstruction in the image of vertebral arteries.
Name the color associated with the following structures in a CT scan: bone, CSF, white matter, gray matter.
Bone = white
Gray matter = gray
White matter = darker than gray
CSF = black
What is the concept of windowing?
Modification of image intensities in order to optimally depict the density of different tissues.
Name a few advantages of CT vs. MRI.
Faster
Less cost
Less sensitive to motion
Evaluates bone better
Better evaluation calcifications and metallic foreign bodies
No risk from metallic devices
Which image is better for visualizing anatomy, which is better for visualizing pathology: T1 or T2 weighted MRI? Identify which modality is used in these images.
T1 = anatomy.
T2 = pathology.
Which MRI modality is used in these following images?
T2 and T2 with flaire, respectively.
Identify epidural from subdural bleed.
Epidural and subdural, respectively.
epidural = lens shaped.
subdural = crescent shaped.
Identify the pathology. Describe how you came to your conclusion.
Subarachnoid bleed.
Light color in ventricles is indicative of blood inside CSF.
Pt. 1 comes in with neurodeficits suspect brain tumor.
Pt. 2 comes in after motorcycle accident, had period of unconsciousness.
Which gets an MRI which gets CT (is this a trick question?)?
No its not a trick.
Pt. 1 gets MRI.
Pt. 2 gets CT.
Time vs. accuracy. Pt. 1 is in no rush, pt.2 may have an intracranial bleed and is in a large rush. MRI is more accurate for lesions of the brain CT is less accurate.
Modality of choice for known or suspected brain infection, MRI or CT?
MRI.
Peds, MRI or CT, why?
MRI = no radiation.
Emergency though CT.
Arrow is pointing to pathology in which gland?
Pineal.
Pathology in which gland?
Pituitary.
Pathology?
AVM, Berry aneurysm, respect.
