4.6 Definitions

Question 1

Aliphatic amine

Answer 1

An amine which only contains straight or branched alkyl chains. Aliphatic amines can be formed via a substitution reaction of haloalkanes with either ammonia or amines in ethanol solvent.

Question 2

Amines

Answer 2

Compounds that contain the NR3 functional group (where R could be hydrogen atoms or alkyl chains). Amines are basic as the nitrogen atom has a lone pair of electrons that can accept a proton. In a reaction between amines and dilute acids, salts are formed.

Question 3

Aromatic amine

Answer 3

An amine which contains a benzene ring directly attached to the nitrogen atom. Aromatic amines can be formed by reducing nitroarenes with tin and concentrated HCl

Question 4

Azo compound

Answer 4

A molecule which contains the functional group R-N=N-R’

Question 5

Chromophore

Answer 5

The part of a molecule which gives a compound its colour

Question 6

Ethanoylation

Answer 6

A reaction that involves the addition of an acetyl group to a molecule.

Question 7

Halogenoalkane

Answer 7

A saturated molecule where one or more of the hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been substituted for a halogen.

Question 8

Nitrile

Answer 8

A molecule with a -CN functional group

Question 9

Nitrobenzene

Answer 9

A molecule with the molecular formula C6H5NO2, it is made up of a benzene ring where one of the hydrogen atoms has been substituted with a nitrogen group (NO2)

Question 10

Phenol

Answer 10

A benzene ring where one of the hydrogen atoms has been substituted for a hydroxyl group.

Question 11

Primary amine

Answer 11

An organic compound that contains the functional group RNH2 (where R is an alkyl chain).