Superficial layer of muscles in the anterior compartment of forearm

Question 1

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 1

Origin:

• Humeral head - medial epicondyle of humerus;
• Ulnar head - olecranon and posterior border of ulna

Insertion:

• Pisiform bone, and then via pisohamate and pisometacarpal ligaments into the hamate and base of metacarpal V

Innervation

• Ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)

Function:

• Flexes and adducts the wrist joint

Question 2

Palmaris longus

Answer 2

Origin:

• Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion:

• Palmer aponeurosis of hand

Innervation:

• Median nerve (C7, C8)

Function:

• Flexes wrist joint; because the palmar aponeurosis anchors skin of the hand, contraction of the muscle resists shearing force when gripping

Question 3

Flexor carpi radialis

Answer 3

Origin:

• Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion:

• Base of metacarpals II and III

Innervation:

• Median nerve (C6, C7)

Function:

• Flexes and abducts the wrist

Question 4

Pronator teres

Answer 4

Origin:

• Humeral head - medial epicondyle and adjacent supra-epicondyler ridge;
• Ulnar head - medial side of coracoid process

Insertion:

• Roughening on lateral surface, midshaft, of radius

Innervation:

• Medial nerve (C6, C7)

Function:

• Pronation

Question 5

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 5

Origin:

• Humero-ulnar head - medial epicondyle of humerus and adjacent margin of coronoid porcess;
• Radial head - oblique line of radius

Insertion:

• Four tendons, which attach to the palmar surfaces of the middle phalanges of the index, middle, ring and little fingers

Innervation:

• Median nerve (C8, T1)

Function:

• Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers; can also flex metacarpophalangeal joints of the same fingers and the wrist joint

Question 6

Origin:

• Humeral head - medial epicondyle of humerus;
• Ulnar head - olecranon and posterior border of ulna

Insertion:

• Pisiform bone, and then via pisohamate and pisometacarpal ligaments into the hamate and base of metacarpal V

Innervation

• Ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)

Function:

• Flexes and adducts the wrist joint

Answer 6

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 7

Origin:

• Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion:

• Palmer aponeurosis of hand

Innervation:

• Median nerve (C7, C8)

Function:

• Flexes wrist joint; because the palmar aponeurosis anchors skin of the hand, contraction of the muscle resists shearing force when gripping

Answer 7

Palmaris longus

Question 8

Origin:

• Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion:

• Base of metacarpals II and III

Innervation:

• Median nerve (C6, C7)

Function:

• Flexes and abducts the wrist

Answer 8

Flexor carpi radialis

Question 9

Origin:

• Humeral head - medial epicondyle and adjacent supra-epicondyler ridge;
• Ulnar head - medial side of coracoid process

Insertion:

• Roughening on lateral surface, midshaft, of radius

Innervation:

• Medial nerve (C6, C7)

Function:

• Pronation

Answer 9

Pronator teres

Question 10

Origin:

• Humero-ulnar head - medial epicondyle of humerus and adjacent margin of coronoid porcess;
• Radial head - oblique line of radius

Insertion:

• Four tendons, which attach to the palmar surfaces of the middle phalanges of the index, middle, ring and little fingers

Innervation:

• Median nerve (C8, T1)

Function:

• Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers; can also flex metacarpophalangeal joints of the same fingers and the wrist joint

Answer 10

Flexor digitorum superficialis