4.5 SPECIES AND TAXONOMY

Question 1

define

species

Answer 1

a group of organism that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 2

state

advantage of courtship behaviour

Answer 2

individuals can recognise sexually mature members of their own species of the opposite sex, synchronise mating, form a pair bond, and successfully breed

Question 3

define

classification

Answer 3

the process of arranging organisms into groups

Question 4

state

8 groups an organism can be classified into largest -> smallest

Answer 4

domain -> kingdom -> phylum -> class -> order -> family -> genus -> species

Question 5

state

system for universal species naming

Answer 5

binomial naming system

Question 6

state

2 components to a binomial name

Answer 6

• generic name = the genus the organism belongs to ( 2 closely related species will share the same genus )
• specific name = the species the organism belongs to

Question 7

explain

how binomial names are handwritten

Answer 7

• first letter of generic name capitalised
• rest lower case
• fully underlined

Question 8

define

phylogenetic classification

Answer 8

the process of arranging organisms into groups based on their evolutionary origing and relationships

Question 9

explain

how to clarify evolutionary relationships between organisms

Answer 9

• analyse their molecular differences
• advances in immunology/genome sequencing provide clear pictures of how related 2 organisms are

Question 10

explain

hierarhical classification

Answer 10

• groups within groups
• no overlap between groups